Chronic Inflammation and Progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Background: From a global perspective, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of not only chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease but also cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Summary: In the early stages of diabetes, patients have a high risk of developing microvascular complications, loss of kidney function, CVD, infection, and death. Hyperglycemia, free fatty acids, and insulin resistance induce metabolic imbalance and DKD initiation. Inflammation is recognized to play a role in DKD pathogenesis. Our recent study indicated that angiopoietin-like protein 2, which is a circulating proinflammatory protein, might be a strong mediator for the development of DKD and a good predictive biomarker of its progression. The need for effective and safe treatment options for complications such as DKD or CVD becomes ever more urgent. Key Messages: Inflammatory mediators have emerged as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for DKD.