Adela F Iliescu, Jeremy Hall, Lawrence S Wilkinson, Dominic M Dwyer, R C Honey
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引用次数: 0
摘要
巴甫洛夫条件反射程序导致大鼠学习行为的拓扑结构存在巨大的个体差异:当在操作室中临时插入一个杠杆与食物颗粒配对时,一些大鼠(称为标志追踪者)主要与杠杆互动,而另一些大鼠(称为目标追踪者)则主要接近食物井。有两项实验检测了这两种行为对不同表型(即符号追踪者和目标追踪者)雄性和雌性大鼠组中强化条件变化的敏感性。在这两种表型中,以食物井为导向的行为比以杠杆为导向的行为对或然性变化(如两个杠杆中哪一个得到强化)更敏感。也就是说,这两种行为的性质因大鼠的不同而不同。这些结果表明,行为表型反映的是引起食物井活动的刺激-刺激联想过程和引起杠杆导向活动的刺激-反应过程的平行运作,而不是产生这两种行为的单一过程(如刺激-刺激)的运作。(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)。
The nature of phenotypic variation in Pavlovian conditioning.
Pavlovian conditioning procedures result in dramatic individual differences in the topography of learnt behaviors in rats: When the temporary insertion of a lever into an operant chamber is paired with food pellets, some rats (known as sign-trackers) predominantly interact with the lever, while others (known as goal-trackers) predominantly approach the food well. Two experiments examined the sensitivity of these two behaviors to changing reinforcement contingencies in groups of male and female rats exhibiting the different phenotypes (i.e., sign-trackers and goal-trackers). In both phenotypes, behavior oriented to the food well was more sensitive to contingency changes (e.g., a reversal in which of two levers was reinforced) than was lever-oriented behavior. That is, the nature of the two behaviors differed independently of the rats in which they were manifest. These results indicate that the behavioral phenotypes reflect the parallel operation of a stimulus-stimulus associative process that gives rise to food-well activity and a stimulus-response process that gives rise to lever-oriented activity, rather than the operation of a single process (e.g., stimulus-stimulus) that generates both behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition publishes experimental and theoretical studies concerning all aspects of animal behavior processes.