16个欧洲国家的住房财富分配:考虑制度差异。

Barend Wind, Philipp Lersch, Caroline Dewilde
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引用次数: 52

摘要

住房财富是家庭财富的最大来源,但我们对住房财富的分配以及制度如何塑造这种分配知之甚少。近几十年来,住房所有权补贴、社会住房私有化和抵押贷款融资自由化可能影响了住房财富的分配。为了检验它们的影响,我们描述了两个年龄在50岁及以上的出生队列中不同职业阶层的住房财富不平等。这项分析是在16个福利国家和住房制度不同的欧洲国家进行的,使用的是欧洲健康、老龄化和退休调查的第四波(SHARE;2011/2012)。我们的研究结果表明,在以市场为基础的住房体系中,住房所有权的扩大与住房财富在职业阶层之间的分配更加不平等有关,因为越来越多的“边际”业主被卷入不稳定的住房所有权。这种模式在住房供应市场化程度较低的住房财富积累机制中是找不到的。当国家或家庭推动住房所有权扩张时,劳动力市场收入与住房消费的脱钩将导致住房财富分配更加平等。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The distribution of housing wealth in 16 European countries: accounting for institutional differences.

The distribution of housing wealth in 16 European countries: accounting for institutional differences.

The distribution of housing wealth in 16 European countries: accounting for institutional differences.

Housing wealth is the largest source of household wealth, but we know little about the distribution of housing wealth and how institutions have shaped this distribution. Subsidies for homeownership, privatisation of social housing and mortgage finance liberalisation are likely to have influenced the distribution of housing wealth in recent decades. To examine their impact, we describe housing wealth inequalities across occupational classes for two birth cohorts aged fifty and older. The analysis is conducted across 16 European countries with divergent welfare states and housing systems using the fourth wave of the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE; 2011/2012). Our results indicate that the expansion of homeownership in a market-based housing system is associated with a more unequal distribution of housing wealth across occupational classes, as an increasing number of 'marginal' owners are drawn into precarious homeownership. Such a pattern is not found in housing wealth accumulation regimes with a less market-based provision of housing. When the state or the family drive homeownership expansion, a de-coupling of labour market income and housing consumption results in a more equal distribution of housing wealth.

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