国际抗生素监管模式。

IF 0.3 4区 医学 Q4 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Food and drug law journal Pub Date : 2017-01-01
Emilie Aguirre
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引用次数: 0

摘要

我们面临着全球抗生素耐药性危机。抗生素药物正在迅速失去效力,可能将我们推向后抗生素世界。世界上使用抗生素最多的是食用动物。食品生产商以常规的低剂量使用这些药物,而这种剂量恰好是最有利于产生抗生素耐药性的。总的来说,个别国家在规范食用动物滥用和过度使用抗生素方面行动太慢。在不久的将来,新兴经济体的肉类消费和生产预计将大幅增长,这一问题只会恶化。虽然个别国家对抗生素的管制可以产生重要影响,但一个国家不能完全使自己免受抗生素耐药性的影响,一个国家也不能为自己或为世界解决危机。粮食系统的全球性和问题的紧迫性要求立即采取全球解决办法。在国际一级采用民主的实验主义方法可以帮助实现这一目标。与世界动物卫生组织(世界动物卫生组织)一起使用国际民主实验主义框架,将提供更多系统化的数据收集,并导致世界动物卫生组织(世界贸易组织)强制执行的更高的、科学的动物卫生组织标准,这可能对减少国际上抗生素的亚治疗性使用产生重大影响。国际民主实验主义解决了这个问题的全球复杂性、时间敏感性、背景和文化特殊性以及知识集约性。民主实验主义模式鼓励更多国家为解决这一问题进行试验,有助于建立一个更大的解决办法数据库,以便在更广泛的情况下进行更有意义的跨国比较。这种方法保持了民主治理和合法性,同时最大限度地提高了数据收集、效率、可翻译性、透明度和信息共享。在国际上采用民主实验主义可以使解决抗生素耐药性这一紧迫问题所需的国际协调努力成为可能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An International Model for Antibiotics Regulation.

We face a global antibiotics resistance crisis. Antibiotic drugs are rapidly losing their effectiveness, potentially propelling us toward a post-antibiotic world. The largest use of antibiotics in the world is in food-producing animals. Food producers administer these drugs in routine, low doses—the types of doses that are incidentally the most conducive to breeding antibiotic resistance. In general, individual countries have been too slow to act in regulating misuse and overuse of antibiotics in foodproducing animals. This problem will only worsen with the significant projected growth in meat consumption and production expected in emerging economies in the near future. Although individual countries regulating antibiotics can have important effects, one country alone cannot insulate itself entirely from the effects of antibiotic resistance, nor can one country solve the crisis for itself or for the world. The global nature of the food system and the urgency of the problem require immediate global solutions. Adapting a democratic experimentalist approach at the international level can help achieve this goal. Using an international democratic experimentalist framework in conjunction with the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) would provide for increased systematized data collection and lead to heightened, scientifically informed OIE standards, enforceable by the World Trade Organization (WTO), which could have a significant impact on the reduction of subtherapeutic use of antibiotics internationally. International democratic experimentalism addresses the global intricacy, time sensitivity, context- and culture-specificity, and knowledgeintensiveness of this problem. By encouraging more countries to experiment to solve this problem, the democratic experimentalist model would help develop a larger database of solutions to enable more meaningful cross-country comparisons across a wider range of contexts. This approach maintains democratic governance and legitimacy while maximizing data collection, efficiency, translatability, transparency, and information-sharing. Adapting democratic experimentalism internationally can enable the kind of concerted international effort required to address the pressing problem of antibiotic resistance.

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来源期刊
Food and drug law journal
Food and drug law journal 医学-食品科技
CiteScore
0.20
自引率
50.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: The Food and Drug Law Journal is a peer-reviewed quarterly devoted to the analysis of legislation, regulations, court decisions, and public policies affecting industries regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and related agencies and authorities, including the development, manufacture, marketing, and use of drugs, medical devices, biologics, food, dietary supplements, cosmetics, veterinary, tobacco, and cannabis-derived products. Building on more than 70 years of scholarly discourse, since 2015, the Journal is published in partnership with the Georgetown University Law Center and the O’Neill Institute for National & Global Health Law. All members can access the Journal online. Each member organization and most individual memberships (except for government, student, and Emeritus members) receive one subscription to the print Journal.
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