{"title":"电子显微镜和连接组学的基因编码工具箱。","authors":"Ryuichi Shigemoto, Maximilian Joesch","doi":"10.1002/wdev.288","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developments in bioengineering and molecular biology have introduced a palette of genetically encoded probes for identification of specific cell populations in electron microscopy. These probes can be targeted to distinct cellular compartments, rendering them electron dense through a subsequent chemical reaction. These electron densities strongly increase the local contrast in samples prepared for electron microscopy, allowing three major advances in ultrastructural mapping of circuits: genetic identification of circuit components, targeted imaging of regions of interest and automated analysis of the tagged circuits. Together, the gains from these advances can decrease the time required for the analysis of targeted circuit motifs by over two orders of magnitude. These genetic encoded tags for electron microscopy promise to simplify the analysis of circuit motifs and become a central tool for structure-function studies of synaptic connections in the brain. We review the current state-of-the-art with an emphasis on connectomics, the quantitative analysis of neuronal structures and motifs. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e288. doi: 10.1002/wdev.288 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.</p>","PeriodicalId":23630,"journal":{"name":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","volume":"6 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2017-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.288","citationCount":"3","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The genetic encoded toolbox for electron microscopy and connectomics.\",\"authors\":\"Ryuichi Shigemoto, Maximilian Joesch\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/wdev.288\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Developments in bioengineering and molecular biology have introduced a palette of genetically encoded probes for identification of specific cell populations in electron microscopy. These probes can be targeted to distinct cellular compartments, rendering them electron dense through a subsequent chemical reaction. These electron densities strongly increase the local contrast in samples prepared for electron microscopy, allowing three major advances in ultrastructural mapping of circuits: genetic identification of circuit components, targeted imaging of regions of interest and automated analysis of the tagged circuits. Together, the gains from these advances can decrease the time required for the analysis of targeted circuit motifs by over two orders of magnitude. These genetic encoded tags for electron microscopy promise to simplify the analysis of circuit motifs and become a central tool for structure-function studies of synaptic connections in the brain. We review the current state-of-the-art with an emphasis on connectomics, the quantitative analysis of neuronal structures and motifs. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e288. doi: 10.1002/wdev.288 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":23630,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology\",\"volume\":\"6 6\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2017-11-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/wdev.288\",\"citationCount\":\"3\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.288\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2017/8/11 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Developmental Biology","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wdev.288","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2017/8/11 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology","Score":null,"Total":0}
The genetic encoded toolbox for electron microscopy and connectomics.
Developments in bioengineering and molecular biology have introduced a palette of genetically encoded probes for identification of specific cell populations in electron microscopy. These probes can be targeted to distinct cellular compartments, rendering them electron dense through a subsequent chemical reaction. These electron densities strongly increase the local contrast in samples prepared for electron microscopy, allowing three major advances in ultrastructural mapping of circuits: genetic identification of circuit components, targeted imaging of regions of interest and automated analysis of the tagged circuits. Together, the gains from these advances can decrease the time required for the analysis of targeted circuit motifs by over two orders of magnitude. These genetic encoded tags for electron microscopy promise to simplify the analysis of circuit motifs and become a central tool for structure-function studies of synaptic connections in the brain. We review the current state-of-the-art with an emphasis on connectomics, the quantitative analysis of neuronal structures and motifs. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e288. doi: 10.1002/wdev.288 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
期刊介绍:
Developmental biology is concerned with the fundamental question of how a single cell, the fertilized egg, ultimately produces a complex, fully patterned adult organism. This problem is studied on many different biological levels, from the molecular to the organismal. Developed in association with the Society for Developmental Biology, WIREs Developmental Biology will provide a unique interdisciplinary forum dedicated to fostering excellence in research and education and communicating key advances in this important field. The collaborative and integrative ethos of the WIREs model will facilitate connections to related disciplines such as genetics, systems biology, bioengineering, and psychology.
The topical coverage of WIREs Developmental Biology includes: Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns; Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies; Signaling Pathways; Early Embryonic Development; Invertebrate Organogenesis; Vertebrate Organogenesis; Nervous System Development; Birth Defects; Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal and Regeneration; Cell Types and Issues Specific to Plants; Comparative Development and Evolution; and Technologies.