关于回合:一个异质串联强化时间表揭示了费舍尔大鼠操作行为的可解离成分。

IF 1.3 4区 心理学
Carter W Daniels, Federico Sanabria
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引用次数: 10

摘要

根据变间隔(VI)表现的双指数难解模型(BERM),操作行为是在回合中组织的,由回合间反应时间(IRTs)、回合内反应时间(IRTs)和回合长度3个可分离的成分来描述。研究表明,回合间irt对强化率和强化效能的变化敏感,某些回合的长度对反应-强化偶合的变化选择性敏感,而回合内irt对这两种操作相对不敏感。BERM假设回合内和回合之间的irt呈指数分布,回合长度由负二项分布和几何分布的混合描述。为了评估BERM假设和相关发现的解释,Fischer 344/DuCrl大鼠接受了异质串联VI固定比率(FR)强化计划的训练,旨在分离操作行为的组成部分。初始(VI)和终端(FR)连杆分别在不同的杠杆上编程;没有任何刺激标志着初始联系的完成。FR要求、VI要求、剥夺程度各不相同。典型的性能包括在VI杆上的单一响应,以及在FR杆上的响应运行。假设(a)每次FR跑结束和随后的第一次VI反应之间的间隔(FR-VI irt)构成回合间irt,并且对VI需求和剥夺水平的变化敏感;(b) FR跑构成反应回合,因此其中一部分的长度对FR需求的变化有选择性地敏感;(c)连续FR反应之间的间隔(FR-FR irt)构成回合内irt。并且对所有的操纵都相对稳健。调查结果与这些预期一致。然而,FR-FR irt、FR- vi irt和FR病程长度的潜在分布与BERM假设不一致。这些数据支持操作性能的不同组成部分,但挑战了假设的简单过程的基础上,他们的产生。(PsycINFO数据库记录
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
About bouts: A heterogeneous tandem schedule of reinforcement reveals dissociable components of operant behavior in Fischer rats.

According to the biexponential refractory model (BERM) of variable-interval (VI) performance, operant behavior is organized in bouts, described by 3 dissociable components: between-bout interresponse times (IRTs), within-bout IRTs, and bout lengths. Research has shown that between-bout IRTs are sensitive to changes in rate of reinforcement and reinforcer efficacy, the length of some bouts is selectively sensitive to changes in response-reinforcer contingencies, and within-bout IRTs are relatively insensitive to both manipulations. BERM assumes that within- and between-bout IRTs are exponentially distributed, and bout lengths are described by a mixture of negative binomial and geometric distributions. To assess BERM assumptions and the interpretation of associated findings, Fischer 344/DuCrl rats were trained on a heterogeneous tandem VI fixed-ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement intended to dissociate the components of operant behavior. Initial (VI) and terminal (FR) links were programmed on separate levers; no stimulus signaled the completion of the initial link. FR requirement, VI requirement, and deprivation level were varied. Typical performance consisted of single responses on the VI lever separated by response runs on the FR lever. It was hypothesized that (a) the interval between the end of each FR run and the first subsequent VI response (FR-VI IRTs) would constitute between-bout IRTs, and would be sensitive to changes in VI requirement and deprivation level, (b) FR runs would constitute response bouts, so the length of a fraction of them would be selectively sensitive to changes in FR requirement, and (c) intervals between consecutive FR responses (FR-FR IRTs) would constitute within-bout IRTs, and would be relatively robust to all manipulations. Findings were consistent with these expectations. The underlying distributions of FR-FR IRTs, FR-VI IRTs, and FR run lengths, however, were inconsistent with BERM assumptions. These data support the distinct components of operant performance, but challenge the simple processes assumed to underlie their generation. (PsycINFO Database Record

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来源期刊
自引率
23.10%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition publishes experimental and theoretical studies concerning all aspects of animal behavior processes.
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