物理治疗在肺癌肺手术患者中的作用。文献综述

F. Kendall , P. Abreu , P. Pinho , J. Oliveira , P. Bastos
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引用次数: 36

摘要

本综述旨在评估物理治疗护理在肺部手术患者术前、围手术期和术后的作用。肺手术是治疗肺癌患者的金标准,如果它是完全可切除的。然而,手术引起的主要损伤和并发症是众所周知的。物理治疗经常用于准备手术候选人;在其术后即时期和中长期的功能恢复中,但缺乏简明的循证建议。因此,本综述的目的是评估有关物理治疗干预在肺癌手术患者术前、围手术期、术后和维持阶段对恢复和健康的作用的文献,而不考虑手术入路的程度。总之,物理治疗方案应单独设计,并根据手术时间和每个受试者的需求确定目标。也可以得出结论,术前阶段以避免术后肺部并发症和缩短住院时间为主要目标,治疗目标为呼吸肌训练、支气管卫生和运动训练。围手术期应增加肺扩张和支气管卫生的呼吸练习,以及早期的活动和下床、体位矫正和肩部活动范围活动。最后得出结论,术后应保持运动训练,鼓励健康的生活方式行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The role of physiotherapy in patients undergoing pulmonary surgery for lung cancer. A literature review

This review aims to appraise the role of physiotherapy care in patients submitted to pulmonary surgery, in preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative phases.

Pulmonary surgery is the gold standard treatment for patients with lung cancer if it is completely resectable. However, the major impairments and complications induced by surgery are well known. Physiotherapy has been regularly used both in the preparation of the surgical candidates; in their functional recovery in the immediate postoperative period, and in the medium/long term but there is a lack of concise evidence-based recommendations. Therefore, the aim of this review is to appraise the literature about the role of physiotherapy interventions in patients undergoing lung surgery for lung cancer, in preoperative, perioperative, postoperative and maintenance stages, to the recovery and well-being, regardless of the extent of surgical approach.

In conclusion, physiotherapy programs should be individually designed, and the goals established according to surgery timings, and according to each subject's needs. It can also be concluded that in the preoperative phase, the main goals are to avoid postoperative pulmonary complications and reduce the length of hospital stay, and the therapeutic targets are respiratory muscle training, bronchial hygiene and exercise training. For the perioperative period, breathing exercises for pulmonary expansion and bronchial hygiene, as well as early mobilization and deambulation, postural correction and shoulder range of motion activities, should be added. Finally, it can be concluded that in the postoperative phase exercise training should be maintained, and adoption of healthy life-style behaviours must be encouraged.

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