Synthesis and Optical Properties of Pentamethine Cyanine Dyes With Carboxylic Acid Moieties.

Cyanine dyes possessing carboxylic acid groups have been used in many different fields of study. The acid groups can act as handles for bioconjugation or as metal chelators. Several pentamethine cyanine dyes with propionic acid handles were synthesized and their optical properties were studied to determine their usefulness as fluorescent probes. The optical properties studies performed include the absorbance and emission maxima values as well as the calculation of quantum yield and molecular brightness levels. Molecular models were also calculated to help analyze the dyes' behavior and were compared with similar dyes with varying alkyl chain lengths replacing the acid moieties.