儿科主动增强疾病监测首次年度报告,2014年。

Yvonne A Zurynski, Jocelynne E McRae, Helen E Quinn, Nicholas J Wood, Kristine K Macartney
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引用次数: 0

摘要

儿科主动增强疾病监测(PAEDS)网络是一个基于医院的主动监测系统,采用前瞻性病例确定选定的罕见疫苗可预防疾病和免疫后潜在不良事件(AEFI)。通过为同一儿童提供前瞻性的详细临床和实验室数据,PAEDS增强了澳大利亚其他监测系统。方法:专家监测护士筛选住院记录、急诊科记录、实验室和其他数据,前瞻性地识别在新南威尔士州、维多利亚州、南澳大利亚州、西澳大利亚州和昆士兰州的5家儿科三级转诊医院住院的15岁以下儿童。所有站点都使用标准化协议和案例定义。受监测的情况包括疫苗可预防的疾病:急性弛缓性麻痹、水痘、大流行性流感和季节性流感和百日咳,以及潜在的急性呼吸道感染:发热性癫痫发作和肠套叠。PAEDS还对急性儿童脑炎进行监测。结果:自2007年8月以来,PAEDS共招募了6,227例住院病例,涵盖所有病症。从2014年1月到12月,在所有条件下招募了1220例病例。主要成果包括:加强急性弛缓性麻痹监测,以实现世界卫生组织的目标;支持儿童接种水痘和流感疫苗;确认接种第一剂麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗后发生发热性惊厥的风险较低,但接种麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹-水痘疫苗后发生发热性惊厥的风险未增加,3个月以下婴儿接种轮状病毒后1-7天发生肠套叠的风险略有增加。急性儿童脑炎数据促进了2013-2014年肠道病毒71型暴发的快速调查和应对。结论:PAEDS提供了独特的政策相关数据。这是艾滋病规划署计划向传染病情报处提交的第一份年度报告。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance inaugural annual report, 2014.

Introduction: The Paediatric Active Enhanced Disease Surveillance (PAEDS) network is a hospital-based active surveillance system employing prospective case ascertainment of selected uncommon vaccine preventable diseases and potential adverse events following immunisation (AEFI). PAEDS enhances other Australian surveillance systems by providing prospective detailed clinical and laboratory data for the same child.

Methods: Specialist surveillance nurses screen hospital admissions, emergency department records, laboratory and other data, to prospectively identify hospitalised children aged under 15 years in 5 paediatric tertiary referral hospitals in New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland. Standardised protocols and case definitions are used across all sites. Conditions under surveillance include vaccine preventable diseases: acute flaccid paralysis, varicella, pandemic and seasonal influenza and pertussis, and potential AEFIs: febrile seizures and intussusception. PAEDS also conducts surveillance for acute childhood encephalitis.

Results: Since August 2007, PAEDS has recruited a total of 6,227 hospitalised cases in total, for all conditions. From January to December 2014, there were 1,220 cases recruited across all conditions. Key outcomes include: enhanced acute flaccid paralysis surveillance to reach World Health Organization targets; supporting varicella and influenza vaccination in children; confirmation of a known low risk of febrile seizures following the 1st dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine but no increased risk of febrile seizures after measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine, and a slightly increased risk of developing intussusception 1-7 days after rotavirus vaccination in infants aged less than 3 months. Acute childhood encephalitis data facilitated rapid investigation and response to the enterovirus 71 outbreak in 2013-2014.

Conclusions: PAEDS provides unique policy-relevant data. This is the first of planned PAEDS annual reports to Communicable Diseases Intelligence.

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