Hong-Dan Zhan , Hai-Yu Zhou , Yun-Peng Sui , Xin-Liang Du , Wei-hao Wang , Li Dai , Feng Sui , Hai-Ru Huo , Ting-Liang Jiang
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Finally, the possible tendency and perspective for future investigation of this plant are also put forward.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The information on <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume was collected via piles of resources including classic books about Chinese herbal medicine, and scientific databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, ACS, Web of science, ScienceDirect databases, CNKI and others. Plant taxonomy was validated by the databases “The Plant List”, and “Mansfeld’s Encyclopedia”.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Over 81 compounds from this plant have been isolated and identified, phenolics and polysaccharides are generally considered as the characteristic and active constituents of </span><em>Gastrodia elata</em><span><span> Blume. Its active compounds possess wide-reaching biological activities, including sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsive, antianxietic, antidepressant, </span>neuroprotective<span>, antipsychotic, anti-vertigo, circulatory system modulating, anti-inflammationary, analgesic, antioxidative, memory-improving and antiaging, antivirus and antitumor effects.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite the publication of various papers on <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume, there is still, however, the need for definitive research and clarification of other bioactive compounds using bioactivity-guided isolation strategies, and the possible mechanism of action as well as potential synergistic or antagonistic effects of multi-component mixtures derived from <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume need to be evaluated. It is also necessary and important to do more quality control and toxicological study on human subjects in order to maintain its efficacy stable in the body and validate its safety in clinical uses. In addition, more investigations on other parts of this plant beyond the tubers are needed. Further studies on <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume will lead to the development of new drugs and therapeutics for various diseases, and how to utilize it better should be paid more attention to.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15761,"journal":{"name":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","volume":"189 ","pages":"Pages 361-385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2016-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.057","citationCount":"146","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The rhizome of Gastrodia elata Blume – An ethnopharmacological review\",\"authors\":\"Hong-Dan Zhan , Hai-Yu Zhou , Yun-Peng Sui , Xin-Liang Du , Wei-hao Wang , Li Dai , Feng Sui , Hai-Ru Huo , Ting-Liang Jiang\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.057\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Ethnopharmacological relevance</h3><p><span><em>Gastrodia elata</em></span> Blume (<span><em>Orchidaceae</em></span>) is commonly called <em>Tian ma</em><span> in Chinese and mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of eastern Asia, such as China, Korea, Japan and India. It is an extensively used traditional Chinese herbal medicine in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine<span><span>, to treat headache, migraine, dizziness<span>, epilepsy, infantile convulsion, tetany and so on. The present paper reviews the advancements in investigation of botany and </span></span>ethnopharmacology<span>, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of </span></span></span><em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume. Finally, the possible tendency and perspective for future investigation of this plant are also put forward.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The information on <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume was collected via piles of resources including classic books about Chinese herbal medicine, and scientific databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, ACS, Web of science, ScienceDirect databases, CNKI and others. Plant taxonomy was validated by the databases “The Plant List”, and “Mansfeld’s Encyclopedia”.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Over 81 compounds from this plant have been isolated and identified, phenolics and polysaccharides are generally considered as the characteristic and active constituents of </span><em>Gastrodia elata</em><span><span> Blume. Its active compounds possess wide-reaching biological activities, including sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsive, antianxietic, antidepressant, </span>neuroprotective<span>, antipsychotic, anti-vertigo, circulatory system modulating, anti-inflammationary, analgesic, antioxidative, memory-improving and antiaging, antivirus and antitumor effects.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite the publication of various papers on <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume, there is still, however, the need for definitive research and clarification of other bioactive compounds using bioactivity-guided isolation strategies, and the possible mechanism of action as well as potential synergistic or antagonistic effects of multi-component mixtures derived from <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume need to be evaluated. It is also necessary and important to do more quality control and toxicological study on human subjects in order to maintain its efficacy stable in the body and validate its safety in clinical uses. In addition, more investigations on other parts of this plant beyond the tubers are needed. Further studies on <em>Gastrodia elata</em> Blume will lead to the development of new drugs and therapeutics for various diseases, and how to utilize it better should be paid more attention to.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15761,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of ethnopharmacology\",\"volume\":\"189 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 361-385\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2016-08-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.057\",\"citationCount\":\"146\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of ethnopharmacology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874116304172\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of ethnopharmacology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874116304172","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 146
摘要
egastrodia elata Blume(兰科),中文俗称天麻,主要分布在东亚山区,如中国、韩国、日本和印度。是中医临床中广泛使用的中草药,用于治疗头痛、偏头痛、头晕、癫痫、小儿惊厥、手足搐搦症等。本文综述了天麻在植物、民族药理学、植物化学、药理学、毒理学和质量控制等方面的研究进展。最后,对该植物今后研究的可能趋势和前景进行了展望。材料与方法天麻的相关信息通过大量中草药经典书籍和Pubmed、谷歌Scholar、ACS、Web of science、ScienceDirect、中国知网等科学数据库进行收集。植物分类通过“the Plant List”和“Mansfeld’s Encyclopedia”数据库进行验证。结果从天麻中分离鉴定出81种化合物,其中酚类和多糖是天麻的主要活性成分。其活性成分具有广泛的生物活性,包括镇静、催眠、抗癫痫、抗惊厥、抗焦虑、抗抑郁、神经保护、抗精神病、抗眩晕、调节循环系统、抗炎、镇痛、抗氧化、改善记忆、抗衰老、抗病毒和抗肿瘤等作用。结论尽管天麻的相关研究文献较多,但对其他生物活性成分的研究仍需进一步明确,并对天麻多组分混合物的作用机制及协同或拮抗作用进行评价。为了保持其在体内的稳定疗效,验证其临床使用的安全性,对人体进行更多的质量控制和毒理学研究也是必要和重要的。此外,还需要对这种植物块茎以外的其他部分进行更多的研究。天麻的进一步研究将为各种疾病的新药物和新疗法的开发提供指导,如何更好地利用天麻值得关注。
The rhizome of Gastrodia elata Blume – An ethnopharmacological review
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Gastrodia elata Blume (Orchidaceae) is commonly called Tian ma in Chinese and mainly distributed in the mountainous areas of eastern Asia, such as China, Korea, Japan and India. It is an extensively used traditional Chinese herbal medicine in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, to treat headache, migraine, dizziness, epilepsy, infantile convulsion, tetany and so on. The present paper reviews the advancements in investigation of botany and ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of Gastrodia elata Blume. Finally, the possible tendency and perspective for future investigation of this plant are also put forward.
Materials and methods
The information on Gastrodia elata Blume was collected via piles of resources including classic books about Chinese herbal medicine, and scientific databases including Pubmed, Google Scholar, ACS, Web of science, ScienceDirect databases, CNKI and others. Plant taxonomy was validated by the databases “The Plant List”, and “Mansfeld’s Encyclopedia”.
Results
Over 81 compounds from this plant have been isolated and identified, phenolics and polysaccharides are generally considered as the characteristic and active constituents of Gastrodia elata Blume. Its active compounds possess wide-reaching biological activities, including sedative, hypnotic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsive, antianxietic, antidepressant, neuroprotective, antipsychotic, anti-vertigo, circulatory system modulating, anti-inflammationary, analgesic, antioxidative, memory-improving and antiaging, antivirus and antitumor effects.
Conclusion
Despite the publication of various papers on Gastrodia elata Blume, there is still, however, the need for definitive research and clarification of other bioactive compounds using bioactivity-guided isolation strategies, and the possible mechanism of action as well as potential synergistic or antagonistic effects of multi-component mixtures derived from Gastrodia elata Blume need to be evaluated. It is also necessary and important to do more quality control and toxicological study on human subjects in order to maintain its efficacy stable in the body and validate its safety in clinical uses. In addition, more investigations on other parts of this plant beyond the tubers are needed. Further studies on Gastrodia elata Blume will lead to the development of new drugs and therapeutics for various diseases, and how to utilize it better should be paid more attention to.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Ethnopharmacology is dedicated to the exchange of information and understandings about people''s use of plants, fungi, animals, microorganisms and minerals and their biological and pharmacological effects based on the principles established through international conventions. Early people confronted with illness and disease, discovered a wealth of useful therapeutic agents in the plant and animal kingdoms. The empirical knowledge of these medicinal substances and their toxic potential was passed on by oral tradition and sometimes recorded in herbals and other texts on materia medica. Many valuable drugs of today (e.g., atropine, ephedrine, tubocurarine, digoxin, reserpine) came into use through the study of indigenous remedies. Chemists continue to use plant-derived drugs (e.g., morphine, taxol, physostigmine, quinidine, emetine) as prototypes in their attempts to develop more effective and less toxic medicinals.