青少年女性体重与自杀行为:自我知觉的作用。

IF 1 4区 医学 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES
Travis Minor, Mir M Ali, John A Rizzo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:自杀是青少年死亡的第三大原因,最近的数据表明,自杀率,特别是少女的自杀率正在上升。在过去二十年中,青少年体重过重的问题也得到了广泛的记录,并被认为是当今最紧迫的公共卫生问题之一。以前的文献已经研究了实际体重和自杀行为之间的关系,但很少有证据表明体重的自我感知和自杀行为。研究目的:本研究利用大量具有全国代表性的女性青少年样本的丰富纵向数据集来检验体重与自杀行为之间的关系,以解释一些混杂因素。本研究不仅探讨了实际体重状况与自杀行为之间的关系,还探讨了体重自我感知与自杀行为之间的关系。方法:使用来自美国全国代表性青少年样本的数据,该研究通过估计包括学校水平固定效应在内的内因校正模型来确定体重状况对自杀行为的影响,以解释双向性和未观察到的混杂因素。实际体重状况通过访谈者测量的身高和体重来计算。该研究还使用了一种自我感知体重状况的测量方法来比较实际体重状况和自我感知体重状况如何影响自杀行为。在过去的12个月里,有自杀的想法和试图自杀的行为被用作自杀行为的二分法。自杀行为与体重状况之间的潜在中介因素,如自杀家族史、参与危险健康行为和父母特征也在分析中得到控制。分析样本包括5430名11至18岁的青春期女性。结果:研究结果表明,自我感知和测量的体重状况(超重或肥胖)都增加了女性青少年自杀意念的可能性,其中自我感知的体重状况导致自杀意念的增加更大。有一些证据表明,体重状况会影响自杀企图,但这些结果远没有那么有力。最后,内生性偏差在所有估计中都是值得关注的,如果不考虑这种偏差,可能会低估任何估计的效果。对健康政策的启示:研究结果对预防青少年自杀,尤其是女性青少年自杀的公共健康项目的设计具有重要意义。了解促使青少年采取这种可怕行为的机制,将有助于将资源分配到最有效遏制自杀行为上升的治疗领域。这项研究确定了一个关键因素,自我感知体重,这可能是精神卫生保健提供者继续探索的途径。对未来研究的启示:对这一主题的进一步研究不仅包括研究体重对自杀行为的影响,还包括研究体重与其他重要心理健康结果(如心理困扰和重度抑郁发作)之间的关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Body Weight and Suicidal Behavior in Adolescent Females: The Role of Self-Perceptions.

Background: Suicide is the third leading cause of death among adolescents and recent data indicate that the suicide rate, particularly for young girls, is increasing. Excess body weight among adolescents has also been documented widely over the last two decades and is considered one of the most pressing public health concerns today. Previous literature has examined the relationship between actual body weight and suicidal behavior, but there is little evidence on self-perception of weight and suicidal behaviors.

Aim of the study: This study examines the relationship between body weight and suicidal behaviors using a rich longitudinal data set of a large nationally-representative sample of female adolescents to account for a number of confounding factors. The study explores the relationship, not only between actual weight status and suicidal behaviors, but also between self-perception of weight and suicidal behaviors.

Method: Using data from a nationally-representative sample of adolescents in the United States, the study ascertains the effect of body weight status on suicidal behaviors by estimating endogeneity-corrected models including school-level fixed effects to account for bi-directionality and unobserved confounders. Actual body weight status was calculated using interviewer-measured height and weight. The study also used a measure of self-perceived weight status to compare how actual versus self-perceived weight status affects suicidal behavior. Thinking about committing suicide and attempting to commit suicide in the past 12 months were utilized as dichotomous measures of suicidal behaviors. Potential mediators between suicidal behaviors and weight status such as family history of suicide, participation in risky health behaviors and parental characteristics were also controlled for in the analysis. The analytical sample consists of 5,430 adolescent females aged 11 to 18.

Results: The results suggest that both self-perceived and measured weight status (overweight or obese) increase a female adolescent's probability of suicidal ideation, with self-perceived weight status causing a larger increase in suicidal ideation. There is some evidence that body weight status affects suicide attempts, but these results are much less robust. Finally, endogeneity bias is shown to be of concern in all estimates, and failing to account for this bias is likely to understate any estimated effect.

Implications for health policy: The results have important implications for the design of public health programs to prevent adolescent suicide, especially among female adolescents. Understanding the mechanisms through which adolescents are motivated to take such dire actions will help to allocate resources into the treatment areas which are most effective in stemming the rise of suicidal behaviors. This study identifies one key factor, self-perception of weight, which may be an avenue for mental health care providers to continue exploring.

Implications for future research: Further research on this topic could include not only studying the impact of body weight on suicidal behaviors, but also examining the relationships between body weight and other important mental health outcomes such as psychological distress and major depressive episodes.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
6.20%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: The Journal of Mental Health Policy and Economics publishes high quality empirical, analytical and methodologic papers focusing on the application of health and economic research and policy analysis in mental health. It offers an international forum to enable the different participants in mental health policy and economics - psychiatrists involved in research and care and other mental health workers, health services researchers, health economists, policy makers, public and private health providers, advocacy groups, and the pharmaceutical industry - to share common information in a common language.
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