[结核病年报2013-(1)结核病通报统计及外籍结核病患者摘要]。

Kekkaku : [Tuberculosis] Pub Date : 2015-03-01
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这是基于《2013年结核病年度报告》的四系列报告中的第一份。它总结了一般结核病(TB)统计数据,并概述了2013年在日本通报和登记的外国出生结核病患者。自2000年以来,结核病通报继续下降,2013年共通报了20,495名各种形式的结核病患者,每10万人的发病率为16.1。结核病患者的年龄有所增加,2013年所有结核病患者中有57.4%的人年龄超过70岁。潜伏性结核病患者从2010年的4930人急剧增加到2011年的10046人,但此后一直呈下降趋势。外国出生的结核病患者从1998年的739人增加到2013年的1064人;同样,外国出生的患者占所有结核病患者的比例从1998年的2.1%上升到2013年的5.4%。2013年,20-29岁的外国出生结核病患者占同一年龄组所有新发结核病患者的42.7%。在外国出生的结核病患者中,一半以上来自中国(27.4%)和菲律宾(24.1%)。年轻的患者更有可能在过去5年内进入日本(分别为61.5%和61.3%的外国出生患者在十几岁和二十几岁)。最大的职业类别是“正式雇员”(25%),其中不包括服务工作者、保健工作者和教师,其次是学生(24%)和失业者(21%)。在2020年东京奥运会之前,政府为解决建设行业的人力不足问题,放宽了外国劳工的入境限制,预计外国出生的结核病患者的数量和比例也将上升。迫切需要全面的计划,以确保日本弱势群体之一的早期诊断和治疗完成。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[TUBERCULOSIS ANNUAL REPORT 2013--(1) Summary of Tuberculosis Notification Statistics and Foreign-born Tuberculosis Patients].

This is the first in a 4-series report based on the Tuberculosis Annual Report 2013. It summarizes general tuberculosis (TB) statistics and gives an overview of foreign-born TB patients notified and registered in Japan in 2013. TB notification has continued to decline since 2000, and a total of 20,495 patients with all forms of TB were notified in 2013, with a rate per 100,000 population of 16.1. The age of TB patients has increased, with 57.4% of all TB patients in 2013 more than 70 years old. The number of patients with latent TB infection drastically increased from 4,930 in 2010 to 10,046 in 2011, but has been declining since. The number of foreign-born TB patients increased from 739 in 1998 to 1,064 in 2013; similarly, the proportion of foreign-born patients among all TB patients increased from 2.1% in 1998 to 5.4% in 2013. Foreign-born TB patients aged 20-29 years accounted for 42.7% of all new TB patients in the same age group in 2013. Among foreign-born TB patients, more than half were from China (27.4%) and the Philippines (24.1%). Younger patients were more likely to have entered Japan within the previous 5 years (61.5% and 61.3% of foreign-born patients in their teens and twenties, respectively). The largest occupational category was "regular employees" (25%), which excluded service workers, health care workers, and teachers, followed by students (24%) and unemployed people (21 %). With the government relaxing restrictions on entry of foreign workers to cope with labor shortage in the construction industry ahead of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, both the number and proportion of foreign-born TB patients is also expected to rise. Comprehensive programs are urgently required to ensure early diagnosis and treatment completion among one of the vulnerable populations in Japan.

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