Safety and efficacy of a side-to-side duodeno-ileal anastomosis for weight loss and type-2 diabetes: duodenal bipartition, a novel metabolic surgery procedure.

Background: Partial bypass of the GI tract may promote weight loss by decreased absorption of nutrients and changes in incretins. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of performing a side-to-side duodeno-ileal anastomosis.

Methods: Seven 40-50 kg female Yorkshire pigs were allocated to a duodeno-ileal anastomosis (DIA), and were compared to a control group (SHAM). Swine's weights were followed for 56 days. Gastroscopies were also performed at 28 days. Blood samples were also taken at regular intervals (CBC and Basic biochemistry profiles). At autopsy, gross changes and histological changes of the liver, duodenum and ileum samples were performed.

Results: While the SHAM group gained 33.2 % more weight at 56 days, the DIA group had shown a weight loss of -6.8 %, for a difference of 40.0 % between the 2 groups (p < 0.05). One pig developed an incisional hernia. Gastroscopies demonstrated normal healing without ulceration or inflammation at 28 days. Histological examination of the anastomosis at 56 days showed normal and smooth healing, with absence of liver toxicity.

Conclusion: In this porcine model with short follow-up, a side-to-side duodeno-ileal anastomosis provided excellent weight loss without apparent nutritional or grossly aberrant histological changes.