上海市生活垃圾站气溶胶中可培养细菌的浓度及群落结构

Bing-Jie Lu, Xiang Zhang, Chuan Wang, Jun Tai, Dan Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

空气传播的微生物越来越受到人们的关注,生活垃圾中携带着各种致病菌,影响着周围环境和公众健康。本研究采用六级安德森采样器采集空气中可培养细菌,并记录垃圾站及其周围环境的温度、相对湿度、PM2.5、PM10。分析了环境因素与空气中可培养细菌污染的关系。结果表明,5个采样点(别墅及下风区垃圾站、校园垃圾站、办公楼屋顶和居民区垃圾站)的可培养细菌浓度分别为(1254±92)、(280±123)、(172±47)、(84±18)和(175±174)CFU·m-3。别墅垃圾站可培养细菌浓度显著高于其他采样点,主要是由于有生化处理设施对垃圾箱内的湿垃圾进行现场处理。别墅垃圾站可培养细菌大小以1.1 ~ 4.7 μm为主,其余4个采样点细菌大小均大于7 μm,少数细菌大小在1.1 ~ 2.1 μm之间。本研究以变形菌门和厚壁菌门为优势门,棒状杆菌和芽孢杆菌为优势属。更重要的是,还检出了一些条件致病菌,如棒状杆菌、葡萄球菌、不动杆菌等。别墅垃圾站可培养细菌浓度与温度、相对湿度、PM2.5、PM10高度相关。空气中出口细菌与PM10、温度和相对湿度高度相关。5个采样点的健康危害商(HQ)值均小于1;但微生物定量风险评价结果显示,3个垃圾处理场所的男女工作人员健康风险均高于相应参考值。本研究揭示了垃圾站点对周边环境生物气溶胶的影响,为垃圾站点内及周边空气质量评价提供参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Concentrations and Community Structures of Culturable Bacteria in Aerosols of Household Garbage Stations in Shanghai].

The airborne microorganism has attracted increasing attention, and household garbage carries various pathogenic bacteria that affect the surrounding environment and public health. In this study, the culturable bacteria in the air were collected by using a six-level Anderson sampler, and the temperature, relative humidity, PM2.5, and PM10 in the garbage stations and their surrounding environment were recorded. The relationships between environmental factors and culturable bacterial pollution in the air were also analyzed. The results showed that the culturable bacterial concentrations in five sampling sites (the garbage station of a villa and the area downwind, the garbage station of a campus, the roof of an office building, and the garbage station of a residential area) were (1254±92), (280±123), (172±47), (84±18), and (175±174) CFU·m-3, respectively. The concentrations of the culturable bacteria in the garbage station of the villa were significantly higher than those of other sampling sites, mainly because there were biochemical treatment facilities for the on-site treatment of wet garbage in the garbage house. The sizes of the culturable bacteria in the garbage station of the villa mainly ranged from 1.1-4.7 μm, and the bacterial sizes at the other four sampling sites were primarily larger than 7 μm, with a few bacteria ranging from 1.1-2.1 μm. In this study, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the dominant phyla, and Corynebacterium and Bacillus were the dominant genera. More importantly, some opportunistic pathogens such as Corynebacterium, Staphylococcus, and Acinetobacter were also detected. The concentrations of the culturable bacteria in the garbage station of the villa were highly correlated with temperature, relative humidity, PM2.5, and PM10. Exiguobacterium in the air was highly correlated with PM10, temperature, and relative humidity. The health hazard quotient (HQ) values of the five sampling sites were all less than 1; however, the results of microbial quantitative risk assessment showed that the health risks of the male and female staff in the three garbage houses were all higher than the corresponding reference values. This study revealed the influence of garbage stations on the bioaerosol in the surrounding environment and provided references for the evaluation of air quality in and around garbage stations.

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