Association of lipid profile test values, type-2 diabetes mellitus, and periodontitis.

Objective: A two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease has been suggested; whereas obesity and impaired lipid profile are risk factors for type-2 diabetes mellitus. This study examined the relationship between lipid profile, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with periodontal health/disease dependent variables in healthy, diabetic and impaired glucose tolerance subjects.

Materials and methods: 120 patients were selected for the study and were determined to be periodontally healthy or diseased. All these patients underwent biochemical tests for OGTT and Lipid profile analysis and data was compared using Z-test.

Results: The OGTT results deteriorated with deteriorating periodontal condition. A similar correlation was also observed between worsening lipid profile test values, OGTT score, and periodontal condition.

Conclusion: This study indicates that hyperlipidemia may be one of the factors associated with periodontitis and that periodontitis may itself lead to abnormal serum lipid levels. Therefore, in addition to effects on diabetes, periodontitis may contribute to elevated serum lipid levels and therefore potentially to systemic disease arising from chronic hyperlipidemia.