用于跟踪细胞状态和功能的适体技术。

Molecular and cellular therapies Pub Date : 2014-10-27 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01
Christian Wiraja, David Yeo, Daniel Lio, Louai Labanieh, Mengrou Lu, Weian Zhao, Chenjie Xu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在癌症生物学和再生医学等领域,迫切需要获得有关细胞生物分布、趋向性、状态和其他细胞功能的信息。了解包括转移在内的癌症行为对于开发有效的癌症治疗方法至关重要,而评估治疗细胞在植入后的命运对于验证治疗的疗效和效率至关重要。为了医学成像模式(例如磁共振成像)的可视化目的,可以用造影剂(例如氧化铁纳米颗粒)标记细胞,从而可以从周围环境中识别细胞。尽管成功地揭示了细胞在体内的生物分布,但大多数现有的药物不能提供移植后细胞状态和功能的信息。核酸适体的出现,长度为15至60个碱基的单链RNA或DNA寡核苷酸,是解决这一需求的一个有希望的解决方案。当适体与它们的同源分子特异性结合时,它们会发生构象变化,这可以转化为成像对比度的变化(例如光学,磁共振)。因此,通过监测这种信号变化,研究人员可以获得有关靶分子(例如mRNA,表面标记物,细胞代谢物)表达的信息,这些信息以非侵入性的方式提供了关于细胞状态/功能的线索。本文综述了近年来利用适体作为生物传感器监测移植细胞状态和功能的研究进展。我们专注于癌症研究的癌细胞追踪,再生医学的干细胞追踪,免疫治疗的免疫细胞(如树突状细胞)追踪。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Aptamer technology for tracking cells' status & function.

Aptamer technology for tracking cells' status & function.

Aptamer technology for tracking cells' status & function.

Aptamer technology for tracking cells' status & function.

In fields such as cancer biology and regenerative medicine, obtaining information regarding cell bio-distribution, tropism, status, and other cellular functions are highly desired. Understanding cancer behaviors including metastasis is important for developing effective cancer treatments, while assessing the fate of therapeutic cells following implantation is critical to validate the efficacy and efficiency of the therapy. For visualization purposes with medical imaging modalities (e.g. magnetic resonance imaging), cells can be labeled with contrast agents (e.g. iron-oxide nanoparticles), which allows their identification from the surrounding environment. Despite the success of revealing cell biodistribution in vivo, most of the existing agents do not provide information about the status and functions of cells following transplantation. The emergence of aptamers, single-stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides of 15 to 60 bases in length, is a promising solution to address this need. When aptamers bind specifically to their cognate molecules, they undergo conformational changes which can be transduced into a change of imaging contrast (e.g. optical, magnetic resonance). Thus by monitoring this signal change, researchers can obtain information about the expression of the target molecules (e.g. mRNA, surface markers, cell metabolites), which offer clues regarding cell status/function in a non-invasive manner. In this review, we summarize recent efforts to utilize aptamers as biosensors for monitoring the status and function of transplanted cells. We focus on cancer cell tracking for cancer study, stem cell tracking for regenerative medicine, and immune cell (e.g. dendritic cells) tracking for immune therapy.

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