Greg S Golembeski, Hannah A Kinmonth-Schultz, Young Hun Song, Takato Imaizumi
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引用次数: 0
摘要
光周期,即给定日照时间的长短,是开花植物有效评估季节信息并协调其生殖发育与外部环境同步的关键线索。对模式植物拟南芥的使用大大提高了我们对植物如何处理和利用光周期信息以协调开花反应的分子机制的认识。这种机制的典型表现是,在拟南芥的长日照诱导条件下,转录因子 CONSTANS(CO)对花序定位点 T(FT)基因进行转录激活。然后,FT 蛋白从叶片转移到芽先端,在那里花分生组织开始发育。作为影响开花的更大调控途径系统中各种环境因素的整合点,光感受器和昼夜节律钟在全天 CO 调控中的重要性一直是光周期开花途径的关键特征。除了这些已确立的机制外,最近发现的一种光合作用衍生物三卤糖-6-磷酸是叶片中 FT 的激活剂,这对光合作用参与光周期开花反应具有有趣的意义,而之前的开花诱导生理实验也表明了这一点。
Photoperiodic flowering regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Photoperiod, or the duration of light in a given day, is a critical cue that flowering plants utilize to effectively assess seasonal information and coordinate their reproductive development in synchrony with the external environment. The use of the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, has greatly improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that determine how plants process and utilize photoperiodic information to coordinate a flowering response. This mechanism is typified by the transcriptional activation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene by the transcription factor CONSTANS (CO) under inductive long-day conditions in Arabidopsis. FT protein then moves from the leaves to the shoot apex, where floral meristem development can be initiated. As a point of integration from a variety of environmental factors in the context of a larger system of regulatory pathways that affect flowering, the importance of photoreceptors and the circadian clock in CO regulation throughout the day has been a key feature of the photoperiodic flowering pathway. In addition to these established mechanisms, the recent discovery of a photosynthate derivative trehalose-6-phosphate as an activator of FT in leaves has interesting implications for the involvement of photosynthesis in the photoperiodic flowering response that were suggested from previous physiological experiments in flowering induction.
期刊介绍:
Advances in Botanical Research (including Advances in Plant Pathology) have been published since 1963. The series has surpassed 85 volumes and features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This includes a comprehensive series of volumes dealing with the genome evolution of plants. Recent developments on plant metabolomics have also been described.