{"title":"循环组蛋白水平升高表明手足口病(HFMD)患者的疾病活动。","authors":"Xiuhui Li, Qin Li, Junhong Li, Ying Li, Yuping Chen, Aiping Lv, Jian Zhang, Jianbo Ding, Kristine Von Maltzan, Tao Wen","doi":"10.3109/00365548.2014.943285","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in children, characterized by acute viral infection accompanying acute inflammatory responses. Circulating histones are leading mediators of the inflammatory processes. This study aimed to elucidate whether circulating histones play a contributory role during HFMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured plasma levels of histones, myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cytokines in HFMD patients (n = 126) and compared the results with those of a control group (n = 30).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circulating histone levels were significantly increased in HFMD patients (3.794 ± 0.156 μg/ml) compared with healthy controls (0.238 ± 0.023 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). In addition, their levels were remarkably higher in severe HFMD (n = 38) than in mild HFMD patients (n = 88) (5.232 ± 0.246 vs 3.293 ± 0.161 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). As for other inflammatory markers, MPO, LDH, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, MIP-1, and TNF-ɑ were found to be significantly higher in HFMD patients than in healthy subjects. Of these, LDH, IL-6, and TNF-ɑ levels correlated with disease severity (all p < 0.05). In mild HFMD, circulating histones correlated positively with plasma IL-6 and IL-10, whereas in severe HFMD, histones were associated with elevated IL-6 and TNF-ɑ levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data demonstrate that circulating histones are excessively released in patients with HFMD, which may indicate disease severity and contribute to systemic inflammation by promoting cytokine production (e.g. IL-6). We suggest that in mild HFMD, circulating histones may originate largely from neutrophil activation, whereas in severe HFMD, dying tissue cells and neutrophil activation may be synergistically involved in the increased levels of histones.</p>","PeriodicalId":21541,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.943285","citationCount":"10","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Elevated levels of circulating histones indicate disease activity in patients with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD).\",\"authors\":\"Xiuhui Li, Qin Li, Junhong Li, Ying Li, Yuping Chen, Aiping Lv, Jian Zhang, Jianbo Ding, Kristine Von Maltzan, Tao Wen\",\"doi\":\"10.3109/00365548.2014.943285\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in children, characterized by acute viral infection accompanying acute inflammatory responses. Circulating histones are leading mediators of the inflammatory processes. This study aimed to elucidate whether circulating histones play a contributory role during HFMD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured plasma levels of histones, myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cytokines in HFMD patients (n = 126) and compared the results with those of a control group (n = 30).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circulating histone levels were significantly increased in HFMD patients (3.794 ± 0.156 μg/ml) compared with healthy controls (0.238 ± 0.023 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). In addition, their levels were remarkably higher in severe HFMD (n = 38) than in mild HFMD patients (n = 88) (5.232 ± 0.246 vs 3.293 ± 0.161 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). As for other inflammatory markers, MPO, LDH, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, MIP-1, and TNF-ɑ were found to be significantly higher in HFMD patients than in healthy subjects. Of these, LDH, IL-6, and TNF-ɑ levels correlated with disease severity (all p < 0.05). In mild HFMD, circulating histones correlated positively with plasma IL-6 and IL-10, whereas in severe HFMD, histones were associated with elevated IL-6 and TNF-ɑ levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data demonstrate that circulating histones are excessively released in patients with HFMD, which may indicate disease severity and contribute to systemic inflammation by promoting cytokine production (e.g. IL-6). We suggest that in mild HFMD, circulating histones may originate largely from neutrophil activation, whereas in severe HFMD, dying tissue cells and neutrophil activation may be synergistically involved in the increased levels of histones.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":21541,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2014-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3109/00365548.2014.943285\",\"citationCount\":\"10\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.943285\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2014/9/8 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3109/00365548.2014.943285","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2014/9/8 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
摘要
背景:手足口病(手足口病)是儿童常见的感染性疾病,以急性病毒感染伴急性炎症反应为特征。循环组蛋白是炎症过程的主要介质。本研究旨在阐明循环组蛋白是否在手足口病中发挥作用。方法:测定126例手足口病患者血浆组蛋白、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和细胞因子水平,并与对照组(n = 30)进行比较。结果:手足口病患者循环组蛋白水平(3.794±0.156 μg/ml)明显高于健康对照组(0.238±0.023 μg/ml, p < 0.0001)。重度手足口病患者(n = 38)与轻度手足口病患者(n = 88)相比(5.232±0.246 vs 3.293±0.161 μg/ml, p < 0.0001)显著升高。在其他炎症标志物方面,手足口病患者MPO、LDH、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10、MIP-1和TNF- α均显著高于健康人。其中,LDH、IL-6和TNF- α水平与疾病严重程度相关(均p < 0.05)。在轻度手足口病中,循环组蛋白与血浆IL-6和IL-10呈正相关,而在严重手足口病中,组蛋白与IL-6和TNF- α水平升高相关。结论:这些数据表明,循环组蛋白在手足口病患者中过度释放,这可能表明疾病的严重程度,并通过促进细胞因子的产生(如IL-6)促进全身性炎症。我们认为,在轻度手足口病中,循环组蛋白可能主要源于中性粒细胞活化,而在严重手足口病中,垂死的组织细胞和中性粒细胞活化可能协同参与组蛋白水平的升高。
Elevated levels of circulating histones indicate disease activity in patients with hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD).
Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in children, characterized by acute viral infection accompanying acute inflammatory responses. Circulating histones are leading mediators of the inflammatory processes. This study aimed to elucidate whether circulating histones play a contributory role during HFMD.
Methods: We measured plasma levels of histones, myeloperoxidase (MPO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cytokines in HFMD patients (n = 126) and compared the results with those of a control group (n = 30).
Results: Circulating histone levels were significantly increased in HFMD patients (3.794 ± 0.156 μg/ml) compared with healthy controls (0.238 ± 0.023 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). In addition, their levels were remarkably higher in severe HFMD (n = 38) than in mild HFMD patients (n = 88) (5.232 ± 0.246 vs 3.293 ± 0.161 μg/ml, p < 0.0001). As for other inflammatory markers, MPO, LDH, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, MIP-1, and TNF-ɑ were found to be significantly higher in HFMD patients than in healthy subjects. Of these, LDH, IL-6, and TNF-ɑ levels correlated with disease severity (all p < 0.05). In mild HFMD, circulating histones correlated positively with plasma IL-6 and IL-10, whereas in severe HFMD, histones were associated with elevated IL-6 and TNF-ɑ levels.
Conclusions: These data demonstrate that circulating histones are excessively released in patients with HFMD, which may indicate disease severity and contribute to systemic inflammation by promoting cytokine production (e.g. IL-6). We suggest that in mild HFMD, circulating histones may originate largely from neutrophil activation, whereas in severe HFMD, dying tissue cells and neutrophil activation may be synergistically involved in the increased levels of histones.