甲状腺疾病对骨和矿物质代谢的多重影响。

Ludmilla F Cardoso, Léa M Z Maciel, Francisco J A de Paula
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引用次数: 51

摘要

与大多数激素(通常是能够影响其他细胞、组织和系统的特殊分子)不同,甲状腺激素(TH)是多效肽,其原始功能难以确定。通过检查发育期间和成熟后的TH过量和缺乏的各种后果,可以很容易地看到TH对人类经济的复杂作用。特别是,骨建模和重塑的不同表现反映了甲状腺紊乱的间接后果,这是年龄依赖性的。儿童期甲状腺机能亢进可增强骨矿化并加速骨骺成熟,而在成人中,它主要通过激活破骨细胞活性来诱导骨质流失。此外,TH抵抗综合征是一个多方面的条件,其中不同的部位表现出激素过剩或缺乏的迹象,这取决于TH受体异构体的配置。对TH抗性对骨架影响的研究仍有待阐明。我们在此全面回顾了甲状腺激素对骨骼的作用以及甲状腺疾病,包括甲状腺亢进和甲状腺功能减退以及甲状腺激素抵抗综合征对骨骼的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The multiple effects of thyroid disorders on bone and mineral metabolism.

Differently from most hormones, which commonly are specialized molecules able to influence other cells, tissues and systems, thyroid hormones (TH) are pleiotropic peptides, whose primordial function is difficult to identify. The complex action of TH on human economy can be easily witnessed by examining the diverse consequences of TH excess and deficiency during development and after maturity. In particular, different manifestations in bone modeling and remodeling reflect the circumstantial consequences of thyroid disturbances, which are age dependent. While hyperthyroidism during childhood enhances bone mineralization and accelerates epiphyseal maturation, in adults it induces bone loss by predominant activation of osteoclast activity. Furthermore, the syndrome of TH resistance is a multifaceted condition in which different sites exhibit signs of hormone excess or deficiency depending on the configuration of the TH receptor isoform. The investigation of the impact of TH resistance on the skeleton still remains to be elucidated. We present here a thorough review of the action of TH on bone and of the impact of thyroid disorders, including hyper- and hypothyroidism and the syndrome of TH resistance, on the skeleton.

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