污染土壤中砷生物利用度测定的小鼠试验。

Karen D Bradham, Gary L Diamond, Kirk G Scheckel, Michael F Hughes, Stan W Casteel, Bradley W Miller, Julie M Klotzbach, William C Thayer, David J Thomas
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引用次数: 35

摘要

建立了测定土壤中砷相对生物利用度(RBA)的小鼠测定方法。在本研究中,介绍了16种土壤的RBA分析结果,包括对同一土壤的多次分析,这些分析提供了小鼠分析结果可重复性的定量评估,并将小鼠分析结果与应用于相同测试土壤的猪和猴子分析结果进行了比较。小鼠实验重复性高;在同一土壤上进行的三次重复分析得出的RBA估计值为组平均值的1%至3%。老鼠、猴子和猪模型对一些测试材料产生了类似的结果,但不是全部。在小鼠和猪中测定的相同土壤(9种试验土壤和3种标准参比物质[SRM])的RBA估计值显著相关(r = 0.70)。猪对12种测试材料中6种的RBA估计值高于小鼠试验。三种标准对照品(SRM)的RBA估计值无统计学差异(鼠/猪比为0.86-1)。当对同一果园的四种测试土壤进行小鼠、猴子和猪的测定时,平均土壤As RBA没有统计学差异。小鼠和猪模型预测,在重复摄入砷酸钠剂量期间,砷的稳态尿排泄分数(UEF)分别为62%和74%,砷的水溶性形式被用作计算RBA的参考。在小鼠实验中,水溶性砷(V)(砷酸钠)和砷(III)(亚砷酸钠)的UEF分别为62%和66%,表明这两种砷的绝对生物利用度相似。小鼠试验可以作为猴子和猪试验的高成本效益替代或补充,通过提供特定地点土壤中砷的RBA评估来改进砷风险评估。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mouse assay for determination of arsenic bioavailability in contaminated soils.

A mouse assay for measuring the relative bioavailability (RBA) of arsenic (As) in soil was developed. In this study, results are presented of RBA assays of 16 soils, including multiple assays of the same soils, which provide a quantitative assessment of reproducibility of mouse assay results, as well as a comparison of results from the mouse assay with results from a swine and monkey assay applied to the same test soils. The mouse assay is highly reproducible; three repeated assays on the same soils yielded RBA estimates that ranged from 1 to 3% of the group mean. The mouse, monkey, and swine models yielded similar results for some, but not all, test materials. RBA estimates for identical soils (nine test soils and three standard reference materials [SRM]) assayed in mice and swine were significantly correlated (r = 0.70). Swine RBA estimates for 6 of the 12 test materials were higher than those from the mouse assay. RBA estimates for three standard reference materials (SRM) were not statistically different (mouse/swine ratio ranged from 0.86-1). When four test soils from the same orchard were assessed in the mouse, monkey, and swine assays, the mean soil As RBA were not statistically different. Mouse and swine models predicted similar steady state urinary excretion fractions (UEF) for As of 62 and 74%, respectively, during repeated ingestion doses of sodium arsenate, the water-soluble As form used as the reference in the calculation of RBA. In the mouse assay, the UEF for water soluble As(V) (sodium arsenate) and As(III) (sodium [meta] arsenite) were 62% and 66%, respectively, suggesting similar absolute bioavailabilities for the two As species. The mouse assay can serve as a highly cost-effective alternative or supplement to monkey and swine assays for improving As risk assessments by providing site-specific assessments of RBA of As in soils.

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