Agreement between Bayley Scales second and third edition assessments of very low-birth-weight infants.

Results. Mean participant age was 9.9 years; 50.1% (n = 6751) were female. The prevalence of ADHD, GDM, and low SEP was 4.9% (n=660), 2.3% (n=280), and 25.5% (n=3420), respectively. Both maternal GDM and low SEP were significantly related to ADHD (Table). Multivariate regression modeling indicated that not only GDM (OR, 1.91; 95% CI, 1.21-3.01) and low SEP (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.56-2.68) but also perinatal health problems, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and atopic eczema are independent risk factors for ADHD, whereas fully breastfeeding appears to be protective (irrespective of the duration of breastfeeding; data not shown). Further analyses indicated the presence of additive interaction between maternal GDM and SEP on the risk of ADHD (observed OR for middle-class children exposed to GDM: 3.47; expected OR: 2.93; observed OR for lower-class children exposed to GDM: 3.68; expected OR: 3.56).