鸽子的分类阴影效应:支持物体分类学习的 "共同要素模型"。

IF 1.3 4区 心理学
Fabian A Soto, Edward A Wasserman
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引用次数: 0

摘要

该模型提出了一种错误驱动的学习模式,即刺激属性表征与反应之间的关联学习模式,可以解释非人类动物物体分类文献中的许多发现。此外,该模型产生的预测结果在鸽子和人身上都得到了证实,表明这些学习过程在远亲物种中广泛存在。本研究报告了鸽子对自然物体进行分类时的分类阴影效应证据,这是该模型所预测的一种新行为现象。当第二类物体提供了关于正确反应的冗余信息时,物体分类学习就会受到影响。当单个物体提供冗余信息,但它们所属的类别没有信息时,没有观察到同样的障碍,这表明这种效应不同于简单的阴影效应,它是由刺激类别之间的竞争而不是单个刺激在学习过程中产生的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A category-overshadowing effect in pigeons: support for the Common Elements Model of object categorization learning.

A model proposing error-driven learning of associations between representations of stimulus properties and responses can account for many findings in the literature on object categorization by nonhuman animals. Furthermore, the model generates predictions that have been confirmed in both pigeons and people, suggesting that these learning processes are widespread across distantly related species. The present work reports evidence of a category-overshadowing effect in pigeons' categorization of natural objects, a novel behavioral phenomenon predicted by the model. Object categorization learning was impaired when a second category of objects provided redundant information about correct responses. The same impairment was not observed when single objects provided redundant information, but the category to which they belonged was uninformative, suggesting that this effect is different from simple overshadowing, arising from competition among stimulus categories rather than individual stimuli during learning.

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来源期刊
自引率
23.10%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning and Cognition publishes experimental and theoretical studies concerning all aspects of animal behavior processes.
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