性受害青少年、大学生和成年家庭妇女中创伤后应激障碍的全国患病率。

Kate Walsh, Carla Kmett Danielson, Jenna L McCauley, Benjamin E Saunders, Dean G Kilpatrick, Heidi S Resnick
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引用次数: 114

摘要

背景:尽管性再受害(即经历两次或两次以上性侵犯)与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)之间存在经验联系,但据我们所知,尚无流行病学研究证明性再受害与PTSD的患病率。建立估计对于确定性再受害的范围、公共卫生影响和精神后遗症至关重要。目的:估计3个国家女性样本(青少年、大学生和成年家庭概率)的性再受害和创伤后应激障碍患病率。设计:采用调查方法收集全国妇女研究-复制(2006;以及来自全国青少年调查-复制(2005)和全国妇女研究-复制(2006)的家庭概率样本;家庭概率)。背景:美国的家庭和大学校园。参与者:一千七百六十三名青春期女孩,2000名女大学生和3001名家庭居住的成年女性。主要成果措施:具体行为问题评估了由于使用武力、威胁使用武力或因吸毒或酗酒而丧失行为能力而在一生中发生的不想要的性行为。创伤后应激障碍的评估采用了一个模块,该模块根据DSM-IV的标准结构化临床访谈标准进行了验证。结果:约53%的青少年受害者、50%的女大学生受害者和58.8%的家庭妇女受害者报告再次遭受性侵害。20%的再次受害的青少年,40%的再次受害的女大学生,27.2%的再次受害的居住在家庭的女性报告了目前的PTSD。与非受害者相比,再次受害的受访者患过去6个月创伤后应激障碍的几率高出4.3至8.2倍,单身受害者高出2.4至3.5倍。结论:人口患病率估计表明,美国家庭中有76.9万名少女、62.5万名女大学生和1340万名女性报告了性再受害。此外,15.4万名再次遭受性侵害的青少年、25万名再次遭受性侵害的大学女性和360万名再次遭受性侵害的家庭女性符合过去6个月PTSD的标准。研究结果强调了在儿科、大学和初级保健机构中筛查性再受害和创伤后应激障碍的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
National prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among sexually revictimized adolescent, college, and adult household-residing women.

Context: Despite empirical links between sexual revictimization (ie, experiencing 2 or more sexual assaults) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), to our knowledge, no epidemiological studies document the prevalence of sexual revictimization and PTSD. Establishing estimates is essential to determine the scope, public health impact, and psychiatric sequelae of sexual revictimization.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of sexual revictimization and PTSD among 3 national female samples (adolescent, college, and adult household probability).

Design: Surveys were used to collect data from the National Women's Study-Replication (2006; college) as well as household probability samples from the National Survey of Adolescents-Replication (2005) and the National Women's Study-Replication (2006; household probability).

Setting: Households and college campuses across the United States.

Participants: One thousand seven hundred sixty-three adolescent girls, 2000 college women, and 3001 household-residing adult women.

Main outcome measures: Behaviorally specific questions assessed unwanted sexual acts occurring over the life span owing to the use of force, threat of force, or incapacitation via drug or alcohol use. Posttraumatic stress disorder was assessed with a module validated against the criterion standard Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV.

Results: About 53% of victimized adolescents, 50% of victimized college women, and 58.8% of victimized household-residing women reported sexual revictimization. Current PTSD was reported by 20% of revictimized adolescents, 40% of revictimized college women, and 27.2% of revictimized household-residing women. Compared with nonvictims, odds of meeting past 6-month PTSD were 4.3 to 8.2 times higher for revictimized respondents and 2.4 to 3.5 times higher for single victims.

Conclusions: Population prevalence estimates suggest that 769 000 adolescent girls, 625 000 college women, and 13.4 million women in US households reported sexual revictimization. Further, 154 000 sexually revictimized adolescents, 250 000 sexually revictimized college women, and 3.6 million sexually revictimized household women met criteria for past 6-month PTSD. Findings highlight the importance of screening for sexual revictimization and PTSD in pediatric, college, and primary care settings.

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Archives of general psychiatry
Archives of general psychiatry 医学-精神病学
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