Bt水稻评价与部署策略。

GM crops Pub Date : 2011-06-01 DOI:10.4161/gmcr.2.3.19213
P Manimaran, G Ramkumar, M Mohan, S K Mangrauthia, A P Padmakumari, P Muthuraman, J S Bentur, B C Viraktamath, S M Balachandran
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引用次数: 9

摘要

苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt)是一种革兰氏阳性土壤细菌,于1901年由日本微生物学家shiigetane Ishiwata首次发现并命名。在产孢过程中,Bt产生一种叫做δ-内毒素或Cry蛋白的蛋白状副孢子晶体蛋白,这种蛋白具有杀虫作用。从不同的Bt菌株中分离并鉴定了许多具有抗虫、抗螨和抗线虫活性的Cry蛋白。含有这些Cry蛋白作为活性成分的喷雾制剂在害虫管理领域做出了重大贡献。自从第一次从Bt中克隆出哭泣基因以来,科学家们已经陆续证明,植物可以通过基因工程来表达这些哭泣基因,以控制可怕的害虫。最终,第一个在棉花中表达Btcry1Ac基因的转基因作物于1996年被批准在美国进行商业种植,用于管理棉铃虫。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bt rice evaluation and deployment strategies.

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a gram positive soil bacteria was first identified and named by Japanese microbiologist Shigetane Ishiwata in 1901. During sporulation Bt produces proteinaceous parasporal crystal proteins called δ-endotoxins, or Cry proteins, which are insecticidal. Numerous Cry proteins have been isolated and characterized from different Bt strains with activity against insects, mites and nematodes. Sprayable formulations containing these Cry proteins as active ingredients have contributed significantly in the field of insect pest management. Since the first cloning of cry genes from Bt,1 scientists have successively demonstrated that plants could be genetically engineered to express these cry genes for the control of dreadful insect pests. Eventually, the first transgenic crop expressing Btcry1Ac gene in cotton was approved in 1996 for commercial cultivation in the USA to manage bollworms.

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