Assemblage and diversity of fungi on wood and seaweed litter of seven northwest portuguese beaches.

Three hundred and fifty woody litter and one hundred and forty seaweed litter sampled from seven beaches of Northwest Portugal were assessed for the filamentous fungal assemblage and diversity. The woody litter was screened for fungi up to 42 months using damp chamber incubation. They consisted of 36 taxa (ascomycetes, 21; basidiomycetes, 3; anamorphic taxa, 12) comprising 10 core group taxa (≥10%) (ascomycetes, 8; basidiomycete, 1; anamorphic taxa, 1). The total fungal isolates ranged between 150 and 243, while the number of fungal taxa per wood ranged between 3 and 4.9. The seaweed litter was screened up to four months in damp chamber incubation. They encompassed 29 taxa (ascomycetes, 16; basidiomycetes, 2; anamorphic taxa, 11) comprising 15 core group taxa (ascomycetes, 9; basidiomycete, 1; anamorphic taxa, 5). Total fungal isolates ranged between 56 and 120, while the number of fungal taxa per seaweed segment ranged between 4.8 and 6.3. Fifteen taxa of ascomycetes, two of basidiomycetes, and four anamorphic taxa were common to wood and seaweed litter. On both the substrates, two arenicolous fungi Arenariomyces trifurcates and Corollospora maritima were the predominant fungi (72.6-85.9%). The species abundance curves showed higher frequency of occurrence of fungal taxa in seaweed than woody litter. Our study revealed rich assemblage and diversity of marine fungi on wood and seaweed litter of Northwest Portugal beaches. The fungal composition and diversity of this survey have been compared with earlier investigations on marine fungi of Portugal coast.