Basilio Zafrilla, Rosa M Martínez-Espinosa, María A Alonso, María J Bonete
{"title":"西班牙阿尔托Vinalopó山谷两个内陆盐渍化生态系统的古生菌和植物的生物多样性。","authors":"Basilio Zafrilla, Rosa M Martínez-Espinosa, María A Alonso, María J Bonete","doi":"10.1186/1746-1448-6-10","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The extraction of salt from seawater by means of coastal solar salterns is a very well-described process. Moreover, the characterization of these environments from ecological, biochemical and microbiological perspectives has become a key focus for many research groups all over the world over the last 20 years. In countries such as Spain, there are several examples of coastal solar salterns (mainly on the Mediterranean coast) and inland solar salterns, from which sodium chloride is obtained for human consumption. However, studies focused on the characterization of inland solar salterns are scarce and both the archaeal diversity and the plant communities inhabiting these environments remain poorly described.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two of the inland solar salterns (termed Redonda and Penalva), located in the Alto Vinalopó Valley (Alicante, Spain), were characterized regarding their geological and physico-chemical characteristics and their archaeal and botanical biodiversity. A preliminary eukaryotic diversity survey was also performed using saline water. The chemical characterization of the brine has revealed that the salted groundwater extracted to fill these inland solar salterns is thalassohaline. The plant communities living in this environment are dominated by Sarcocornia fruticosa (L.) A.J. Scott, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moris) K. Koch, Suaeda vera Forsk. ex Gmelin (Amaranthaceae) and several species of Limonium (Mill) and Tamarix (L). Archaeal diversity was analyzed and compared by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular phylogenetic techniques. Most of the sequences recovered from environmental DNA samples are affiliated with haloarchaeal genera such as Haloarcula, Halorubrum, Haloquadratum and Halobacterium, and with an unclassified member of the Halobacteriaceae. The eukaryote Dunaliella was also present in the samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this study constitutes the first analysis centered on inland solar salterns located in the southeastern region of Spain. The results obtained revealed that the salt deposits of this region have marine origins. Plant communities typical of salt marshes are present in this ecosystem and members of the Halobacteriaceae family can be easily detected in the microbial populations of these habitats. Possible origins of the haloarchaea detected in this study are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":87359,"journal":{"name":"Saline systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2010-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/1746-1448-6-10","citationCount":"40","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Biodiversity of Archaea and floral of two inland saltern ecosystems in the Alto Vinalopó Valley, Spain.\",\"authors\":\"Basilio Zafrilla, Rosa M Martínez-Espinosa, María A Alonso, María J Bonete\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/1746-1448-6-10\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The extraction of salt from seawater by means of coastal solar salterns is a very well-described process. Moreover, the characterization of these environments from ecological, biochemical and microbiological perspectives has become a key focus for many research groups all over the world over the last 20 years. In countries such as Spain, there are several examples of coastal solar salterns (mainly on the Mediterranean coast) and inland solar salterns, from which sodium chloride is obtained for human consumption. However, studies focused on the characterization of inland solar salterns are scarce and both the archaeal diversity and the plant communities inhabiting these environments remain poorly described.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two of the inland solar salterns (termed Redonda and Penalva), located in the Alto Vinalopó Valley (Alicante, Spain), were characterized regarding their geological and physico-chemical characteristics and their archaeal and botanical biodiversity. A preliminary eukaryotic diversity survey was also performed using saline water. The chemical characterization of the brine has revealed that the salted groundwater extracted to fill these inland solar salterns is thalassohaline. The plant communities living in this environment are dominated by Sarcocornia fruticosa (L.) A.J. Scott, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moris) K. Koch, Suaeda vera Forsk. ex Gmelin (Amaranthaceae) and several species of Limonium (Mill) and Tamarix (L). Archaeal diversity was analyzed and compared by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular phylogenetic techniques. Most of the sequences recovered from environmental DNA samples are affiliated with haloarchaeal genera such as Haloarcula, Halorubrum, Haloquadratum and Halobacterium, and with an unclassified member of the Halobacteriaceae. The eukaryote Dunaliella was also present in the samples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge, this study constitutes the first analysis centered on inland solar salterns located in the southeastern region of Spain. 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引用次数: 40
摘要
背景:利用海岸太阳能盐田从海水中提取盐是一种很好的方法。此外,从生态学、生物化学和微生物学的角度对这些环境进行表征已成为近20年来世界各地许多研究小组关注的重点。在西班牙等国家,有几个沿海太阳能盐场(主要在地中海沿岸)和内陆太阳能盐场的例子,从中获得氯化钠供人类消费。然而,对内陆太阳盐沼特征的研究很少,对古细菌多样性和居住在这些环境中的植物群落的描述仍然很差。结果:两个内陆太阳盐沼(Redonda和Penalva)位于Alto Vinalopó山谷(Alicante, Spain),具有地质和物理化学特征以及古细菌和植物多样性特征。用盐水对真核生物多样性进行了初步调查。卤水的化学特征表明,抽取来填满这些内陆太阳盐沼的含盐地下水是海盐。生活在该环境下的植物群落主要为石竹(Sarcocornia fruticosa, L.)。A.J. Scott, arthrorocnemum macrostachyum (Moris) K. Koch, Suaeda vera Forsk。采用基于聚合酶链反应(PCR)的分子系统发育技术,对苋菜科(Amaranthaceae)的ex Gmelin、Limonium (Mill)和柽柳(Tamarix)的几种古菌多样性进行了分析比较。从环境DNA样本中恢复的大部分序列属于盐古菌属,如Haloarcula, Halorubrum, Haloquadratum和Halobacterium,以及一个未分类的盐杆菌科成员。真核生物杜氏菌也存在于样品中。结论:据我们所知,这项研究构成了对位于西班牙东南部地区的内陆太阳盐沼的第一次分析。结果表明,该地区的盐矿具有海相成因。该生态系统中存在典型的盐沼植物群落,在这些栖息地的微生物种群中可以很容易地检测到盐杆菌科的成员。讨论了本研究中发现的盐古菌的可能起源。
Biodiversity of Archaea and floral of two inland saltern ecosystems in the Alto Vinalopó Valley, Spain.
Background: The extraction of salt from seawater by means of coastal solar salterns is a very well-described process. Moreover, the characterization of these environments from ecological, biochemical and microbiological perspectives has become a key focus for many research groups all over the world over the last 20 years. In countries such as Spain, there are several examples of coastal solar salterns (mainly on the Mediterranean coast) and inland solar salterns, from which sodium chloride is obtained for human consumption. However, studies focused on the characterization of inland solar salterns are scarce and both the archaeal diversity and the plant communities inhabiting these environments remain poorly described.
Results: Two of the inland solar salterns (termed Redonda and Penalva), located in the Alto Vinalopó Valley (Alicante, Spain), were characterized regarding their geological and physico-chemical characteristics and their archaeal and botanical biodiversity. A preliminary eukaryotic diversity survey was also performed using saline water. The chemical characterization of the brine has revealed that the salted groundwater extracted to fill these inland solar salterns is thalassohaline. The plant communities living in this environment are dominated by Sarcocornia fruticosa (L.) A.J. Scott, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moris) K. Koch, Suaeda vera Forsk. ex Gmelin (Amaranthaceae) and several species of Limonium (Mill) and Tamarix (L). Archaeal diversity was analyzed and compared by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular phylogenetic techniques. Most of the sequences recovered from environmental DNA samples are affiliated with haloarchaeal genera such as Haloarcula, Halorubrum, Haloquadratum and Halobacterium, and with an unclassified member of the Halobacteriaceae. The eukaryote Dunaliella was also present in the samples.
Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study constitutes the first analysis centered on inland solar salterns located in the southeastern region of Spain. The results obtained revealed that the salt deposits of this region have marine origins. Plant communities typical of salt marshes are present in this ecosystem and members of the Halobacteriaceae family can be easily detected in the microbial populations of these habitats. Possible origins of the haloarchaea detected in this study are discussed.