丙烯酸骨水泥:时间和环境对物理性能的影响。

Markus Nottrott
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引用次数: 24

摘要

丙烯酸骨水泥广泛应用于关节置换手术。它们在骨水泥-假体复合体中承担重量和负荷转移,因此,除其他外,它们的机械特性被认为对整体结果至关重要。尽管根据现行规范(ISO, ASTM)有足够的临床前测试结果,但市场上出现了临床结果较差的水泥。本研究的目的是探讨是否有可能在体外力学试验的基础上预测丙烯酸骨水泥的长期临床性能。我们对水泥在不同介质和不同温度下老化长达5年的时间进行了体外准静态测试。进行了动态蠕变试验和回收水泥试验。根据现行标准的要求,在干燥条件下进行的测试总是比在生理条件下进行的存储和测试给出更高的机械性能值。我们可以证明,在空气中测试时,机械性能持续增加,而在水中测试时,机械性能在1周后略有下降,然后趋于平稳。Palacos骨水泥的蠕变高于CMW3G,检索到的Boneloc标本的蠕变高于检索到的Palacos。骨水泥强度的发展比明显的高初凝率所表明的要慢得多,并且在五年内力学性能会发生变化。吸水率对材料的物理性能有重要影响,但浸水后物理老化引起的力学变化仍然存在。现有的标准需要更多临床相关的检测方法,其相关要求需要更好的定义。我们建议在模拟生理条件下延长老化后进行骨水泥测试。当被试产品的化学性质非常相似时,简单的准静态和动态蠕变试验似乎无法预测丙烯酸骨水泥的临床性能。然而,如果水泥表现出实质性差异,这种测试可能具有临床相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Acrylic bone cements: influence of time and environment on physical properties.

Acrylic bone cements are in extensive use in joint replacement surgery. They are weight bearing and load transferring in the bone-cement-prosthesis complex and therefore, inter alia, their mechanical properties are deemed to be crucial for the overall outcome. In spite of adequate preclinical test results according to the current specifications (ISO, ASTM), cements with inferior clinical results have appeared on the market. The aim of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to predict the long term clinical performance of acrylic bone cement on the basis of mechanical in vitro testing. We performed in vitro quasistatic testing of cement after aging in different media and at different temperatures for up to 5 years. Dynamic creep testing and testing of retrieved cement were also performed. Testing under dry conditions, as required in current standards, always gave higher values for mechanical properties than did storage and testing under more physiological conditions. We could demonstrate a continuous increase in mechanical properties when testing in air, while testing in water resulted in a slight decrease in mechanical properties after 1 week and then levelled out. Palacos bone cement showed a higher creep than CMW3G and the retrieved Boneloc specimens showed a higher creep than retrieved Palacos. The strength of a bone cement develops more slowly than the apparent high initial setting rate indicates and there are changes in mechanical properties over a period of five years. The effect of water absorption is important for the physical properties but the mechanical changes caused by physical aging are still present after immersion in water. The established standards are in need of more clinically relevant test methods and their associated requirements need better definition. We recommend that testing of bone cements should be performed after extended aging under simulated physiological conditions. Simple quasistatic and dynamic creep tests seem unable to predict clinical performance of acrylic bone cements when the products under test are chemically very similar. However, such testing might be clinically relevant if the cements exhibit substantial differences.

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