因果报应、转世和医学:印度教对生物医学研究的看法。

IF 3.5 Q1 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
Genomic medicine Pub Date : 2008-12-01 Epub Date: 2009-05-29 DOI:10.1007/s11568-009-9079-4
Janis Faye Hutchinson, Richard Sharp
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引用次数: 14

摘要

在人类基因组计划完成之前,生物伦理学家和其他学者就这种新的遗传信息对医学、卫生保健、群体识别和人们生活的影响进行了辩论。一个主要问题是可能对群体和个人造成无意和有意的不利后果。例如,在对美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民(AI/AN)人口进行研究时,必须考虑政治、文化、宗教和历史问题。在非裔美国人中,塔斯基吉梅毒实验提醒着我们这个国家的种族主义和歧视。当前研究的目标是从德克萨斯州休斯顿的印第安人社区的角度出发,了解参与或不参与基因研究(如HapMap项目和其他基因/医学研究)的原因。在这篇文章中,我们报告了在印度裔美国人之间讨论的一个中心话题:业力和轮回。这两个概念都是重要的信念,当考虑到身体和它应该发生什么。因果报应和转世也是参与医学和遗传研究的重要考虑因素,因为根据因果报应,对身体所做的事情会影响未来的存在和未来后代的健康。这种对基因和医学研究的看法受到文化的影响。关于身体、组织和液体的精神信仰,以及它们与身体分离后会发生什么,会影响人们对基因研究的效用和可接受性的看法,从而影响招募过程。在这个社区,人们了解遗传和环境因素有助于糖尿病、高血压和癌症等复杂疾病;并认识到环境压力因素在疾病产生中的重要性。对服务的承诺,即:“人性的改善”,业力信仰,以及针对环境压力因素可能是在这一人群中开展公共卫生运动的重要途径。这项研究表明,少数民族身份并不意味着不愿意参与基因或医学研究。与美国其他少数民族社区相比,印度裔美国人并不怀疑生物医学研究的潜在好处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Karma, reincarnation, and medicine: Hindu perspectives on biomedical research.

Prior to the completion of the Human Genome Project, bioethicists and other academics debated the impact of this new genetic information on medicine, health care, group identification, and peoples' lives. A major issue is the potential for unintended and intended adverse consequences to groups and individuals. When conducting research in, for instance, American Indian and Alaskan native (AI/AN) populations, political, cultural, religious and historical issues must be considered. Among African Americans, the Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment is a reminder of racism and discrimination in this country. The goal of the current study is to understand reasons for participating, or not, in genetic research such as the HapMap project and other genetic/medical research from the perspective of the Indian American community in Houston, Texas. In this article, we report on a topic central to this discussion among Indian Americans: karma and reincarnation. Both concepts are important beliefs when considering the body and what should happen to it. Karma and reincarnation are also important considerations in participation in medical and genetic research because, according to karma, what is done to the body can affect future existences and the health of future descendants. Such views of genetic and medical research are culturally mediated. Spiritual beliefs about the body, tissue, and fluids and what happens to them when separated from the body can influence ideas about the utility and acceptability of genetic research and thereby affect the recruitment process. Within this community it is understood that genetic and environmental factors contribute to complex diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer; and acknowledgment of the significance of environmental stressors in the production of disease. A commitment to service, i.e. "betterment of humanity," karmic beliefs, and targeting environmental stressors could be prominent avenues for public health campaigns in this population. This study suggests that minority status does not automatically indicate unwillingness to participate in genetic or medical research. Indian Americans were not skeptical about the potential benefits of biomedical research in comparison to other ethnic minority communities in the United States.

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