Caractéristiques des personnes atteintes d’une sclérose en plaques selon la situation professionnelle

Aim

To describe the health and professional status of multiple sclerosis patients of working age and to compare a group of patients in work (group T1) with a group of unemployed patients (group T2).

Materials and methods

A case-controlled study was performed. In the course of a specific consultation with a neurologist, demographic, medical and professional data were gathering using a questionnaire. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were then performed.

Results

A total of 76 patients were included in the study: 54 were in work (group T1) and 22 were unemployed (group T2). Hence, the employment rate was 71%, with an average time since disease onset of nine years at the time of the study. Low educational level (p = 0.02), disease progression (p = 0.0001), the presence of motor symptoms (p = 0.01), cerebellar symptoms (p = 0.02) or cognitive symptoms (p = 0.03), a worse EDSS (p = 0.0001) and a job requiring force (p = 0.05) or manual dexterity (p = 0.05) were found to be negative factors. Employment in the public sector (p = 0.003) or large companies (p = 0.03) were found to be protective factors. Access to the workplace was better for currently employed patients (p = 0.03).

Conclusion

This study shows that differences exist within the MS patient population according to the professional situation. It underlines the importance of clinical and demographics variables as determinants of differences in employment status. Not surprisingly, unemployed patients are more likely to have been classified as handicapped workers. Factors linked to work-induced constraints did not emerge from the survey because the questionnaire items were not appropriate for addressing this latter issue.