Treatment of an extensive superficial basal cell carcinoma of the face with imiquimod 5% cream.

The efficacy and safety of imiquimod, an immune-response modifier approved for the treatment of anogenital warts that has antiviral and antitumor activity, in the management of an extensive superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC) of the face as an alternative to surgical treatment was evaluated in a 75-year-old male with a 4-year history of a progressively enlarging lesion located on the right temporal region. Imiquimod 5% cream was applied daily until clinical resolution. Histopathological confirmation of clinical diagnosis and of tumor clearance were performed before starting treatment and at the end of treatment, respectively. Moreover, monthly post-treatment follow-up visits were planned. At physical examination, an ovalar, erythematous and slightly infiltrated plaque of 5 x 4 cm in size (approximately 20 cm2), partly eroded and crusted, with a sharp, raised, pearly edge, was evident on the right temporal region of the patient. Histopathological examination of a biopsy specimen showed the typical features of sBCC. Imiquimod 5% cream applied daily for 5 months produced complete clinical and histological clearance. No adverse events but considerable irritation were reported during treatment and no relapses were clinically observed at the 6-month follow-up visit. Our findings confirm current reports from the literature showing imiquimod 5% cream to be an effective treatment for sBCC that is especially valuable in avoiding disfigurement in cases of single large lesions located on the face or in those patients who may not be surgical candidates.