Fauziahanim Zakaria, Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar, Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim, Noraini Abu Bakar, Azira Muhamad, Shamarina Shohaimi, Maulidiani Maulidiani, Hafandi Ahmad, Intan Safinar Ismail, Khozirah Shaari
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Zebrafish received single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight reserpine doses and were subjected to open-field test at 2, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the treatment. Along with observed changes in behavior and measurement of cortisol levels, the fish were further examined for perturbations in their brain metabolites by <sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. We found a significant increase in freezing duration, whereas total distance travelled was decreased 24 h after single intraperitoneal injection of reserpine. Cortisol level was also found to be higher after 48 h of reserpine treatment. The <sup>1</sup>H NMR data showed that the levels of metabolites such as glutamate, glutamine, histamine, valine, leucine and histidine, lactate, l-fucose, betaine and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), β-hydroxyisovalerate, and glutathione were significantly decreased in the reserpine-treated group. 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Perturbations in Amino Acid Metabolism in Reserpine-Treated Zebrafish Brain Detected by 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabolomics.
Depression is a complex and disabling psychiatric disorder, which is expected to be a leading cause for disability by 2030. According to World Health Organization, about 350 million people are suffering with mental health disorders around the globe, especially depression. However, the mechanisms involved in stress-induced depression have not been fully elucidated. In this study, a stress-like state was pharmacologically induced in zebrafish using reserpine, a drug widely used to mediate depression in experimental animal models. Zebrafish received single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg body weight reserpine doses and were subjected to open-field test at 2, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the treatment. Along with observed changes in behavior and measurement of cortisol levels, the fish were further examined for perturbations in their brain metabolites by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics. We found a significant increase in freezing duration, whereas total distance travelled was decreased 24 h after single intraperitoneal injection of reserpine. Cortisol level was also found to be higher after 48 h of reserpine treatment. The 1H NMR data showed that the levels of metabolites such as glutamate, glutamine, histamine, valine, leucine and histidine, lactate, l-fucose, betaine and γ-amino butyric acid (GABA), β-hydroxyisovalerate, and glutathione were significantly decreased in the reserpine-treated group. This study provided some insights into the molecular nature of stress that could contribute toward a better understanding of depression disorder.
期刊介绍:
Zebrafish is the only peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the central role of zebrafish and other aquarium species as models for the study of vertebrate development, evolution, toxicology, and human disease.
Due to its prolific reproduction and the external development of the transparent embryo, the zebrafish is a prime model for genetic and developmental studies. While genetically more distant from humans, the vertebrate zebrafish nevertheless has comparable organs and tissues, such as heart, kidney, pancreas, bones, and cartilage.
Zebrafish introduced the new section TechnoFish, which highlights these innovations for the general zebrafish community.
TechnoFish features two types of articles:
TechnoFish Previews: Important, generally useful technical advances or valuable transgenic lines
TechnoFish Methods: Brief descriptions of new methods, reagents, or transgenic lines that will be of widespread use in the zebrafish community
Zebrafish coverage includes:
Comparative genomics and evolution
Molecular/cellular mechanisms of cell growth
Genetic analysis of embryogenesis and disease
Toxicological and infectious disease models
Models for neurological disorders and aging
New methods, tools, and experimental approaches
Zebrafish also includes research with other aquarium species such as medaka, Fugu, and Xiphophorus.