Bifurcation lesions.

The introduction of drug-eluting stents has significantly improved the immediate and long-term results following treatment of bifurcation coronary lesions. Despite these improvements, few questions are still without a clear answer. Among them the most important one is the need to use two stents vs provisional side branch stenting in true bifurcations. At present time the approach most frequently applied is to stent the main branch stenting to the side branch only for suboptimal results. In situations when the operator needs two stents as intention to treat we suggest the usage of the "Crush" or "V" technique. These two approaches have been utilized with good immediate and long-term results with sirolimus-eluting stents and with polymer-based paclitaxel-eluting stents. The usage of the "Crush" technique followed by final dilation of the side branch and with kissing balloon inflation has decreased. We recently evaluated results with this technique in 70 patients treated with sirolimus-eluting stents. The 6-month angiographic follow-up was available in 83% of the lesions and restenosis rate was 33% (7% main and side branches and 26% only side branch). No difference was observed in the restenosis rate on the main branch between lesions treated with final kissing balloon inflation and lesions without final kissing inflation (4% in the final kissing group vs 8% in the no final kissing group, p = 1.00). The restenosis rate on the side branch was lower in the final kissing group (17%) in comparison to the no final kissing group (42%) (p = 0.046). Similar results are achieved with polymer-based paclitaxel-eluting stents. The introduction of drug-eluting stents with selective usage of stenting the main and side branches applying the "Crush" or "V" techniques has significantly improved the results compared to bare metal stents in bifurcation lesions.