青少年的身体组成:测量和代谢方面。

G Rodríguez, L A Moreno, M G Blay, V A Blay, J M Garagorri, A Sarría, M Bueno
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引用次数: 179

摘要

青春期是人的一生中一个决定性的时期,在这个时期身体成分发生了重要的变化。总体重的增加及其相对分布主要与性别和青春期发育有关。目的:本综述探讨了可能用于该年龄组的评估体脂过剩和定义肥胖和超重的具体测量方法。结果:识别有肥胖风险的受试者需要简单的人体测量临界值来筛选超重和肥胖。在这种情况下,BMI标准是最常用的,但是,尽管它具有很高的敏感性和特异性,但大量被归类为超重或肥胖的青少年并没有真正的高肥胖(32.1%的女性和42%的男性)。过多的全身脂肪和腹腔内内脏脂肪与代谢异常有关,从而增加心血管疾病的风险。腰围似乎是筛选儿童和青少年代谢综合征最好的简单人体测量预测指标。结论:早期识别有肥胖风险的青少年及其相关代谢并发症需要可靠、简单和具体的测量该年龄组的过量体脂。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Body composition in adolescents: measurements and metabolic aspects.

Introduction: Adolescence is a decisive period in human life in which important body composition changes occur. Increase of total body mass and its relative distribution are mainly related to gender and pubertal development.

Objective: This review explores the specific measurements that may be used in this age group to assess excess body fat and to define obesity and overweight.

Results: Identification of subjects at risk for adiposity requires simple anthropometric cutoffs for the screening of overweight and obesity. In this context, BMI criterion is the most frequently used but, in spite of its high sensitivity and specificity, an important number of adolescents classified as overweight or obese do not have really high adiposity (32.1% of females and 42% of males). Excess total body fat and intra-abdominal visceral fat are related to metabolic abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Waist circumference seems to be the best simple anthropometric predictor for the screening of the metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents.

Conclusions: Early identification of adolescents at risk for adiposity and its related metabolic complications requires reliable, simple and specific measures of excess body fat for this age group.

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