人体测量在预防儿童超重和肥胖中的应用。

M de Onis
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引用次数: 99

摘要

目的:回顾有关使用人体测量学早期识别儿童体重过度增加的概念并提出相关措施。方法:利用1977年美国国家卫生统计中心和2000年美国疾病控制与预防中心的生长图表,回顾了关注儿童生长评估的国内和国际研究的结果,并评估了个体儿童的身高体重z分数。结果:目前,很少有国家(23%)使用基于体重和身高测量的指标对儿童体重状况进行分类。不到三分之一的生长监测规划对6岁以上儿童的生长进行了评估。基于儿童期超重和肥胖趋势增加的人口描述性样本的增长图表导致对这些情况的真实发生率的严重低估。结论:早期识别相对于线性增长的过度体重增加应成为标准的临床实践:(a)常规收集身高测量数据,以便监测身高体重和体重指数(BMI);(b)扩大现有的监测方案,使其包括每年至少一次对所有18岁以下儿童的评估;(c)根据规定的参考数据解释身高体重比和身体质量指数;(d)观察到身高体重比或身体质量指数百分位数增加后的早期干预。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The use of anthropometry in the prevention of childhood overweight and obesity.

Objective: To review concepts and propose measures related to the use of anthropometry for early identification of excessive weight gain in children.

Methods: Review of results from national and international studies focusing on the assessment of childhood growth, and evaluation of the weight-for-height z-scores of individual children using the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics and the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts.

Results: At present, few countries (23%) use indicators based on weight and height measurements to classify child body weight status. Less than one-third of growth monitoring programmes assess the growth of children beyond 6 y of age. Growth charts based on descriptive samples of populations undergoing increasing trends of childhood overweight and obesity result in substantial underestimation of true rates of these conditions.

Conclusion: Early recognition of excessive weight gain relative to linear growth should become standard clinical practice by the following: (a) the routine collection of height measurements to enable monitoring weight-for-height and body mass index (BMI); (b) the expansion of existing monitoring programmes to include the assessment of all children up to 18 y at least once a year; (c) the interpretation of weight-for-height and BMI indices based on prescriptive reference data; and (d) the early intervention after an increase in weight-for-height or BMI percentiles has been observed.

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