营养转型:全球肥胖动态及其决定因素。

B M Popkin, P Gordon-Larsen
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引用次数: 1578

摘要

目的:本文探讨了世界各地饮食和体育活动模式的主要变化,并重点关注肥胖的变化。设计:对成人和儿童饮食、活动和肥胖的大规模调查和具有全国代表性的研究结果进行综述。研究对象:来自世界各国的青少年和成年人。测量方法:定义超重和肥胖的国际肥胖工作组指南用于青少年,体重指数>或=25 kg/m(2)和30截断值分别用于成人。结果:研究了从饥荒消退模式到营养相关非传染性疾病(nr - ncd)主导的营养过渡模式。饮食和活动模式的变化速度非常快,特别是在发展中国家,这导致了全球范围内肥胖的重大变化。数据的限制迫使我们研究成人肥胖趋势的数据,以提供肥胖随时间变化的更广泛的认识,然后研究相对较少的关于青少年的研究。具体来说,这项工作为美国、欧洲以及亚洲、非洲、中东和拉丁美洲的中低收入国家提供了一种变化感。结论:本文表明,每个国家的经济和社会发展都处于早期阶段,变化发生的速度很快。肥胖的负担正在向穷人转移。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The nutrition transition: worldwide obesity dynamics and their determinants.

Objective: This paper explores the major changes in diet and physical activity patterns around the world and focuses on shifts in obesity.

Design: Review of results focusing on large-scale surveys and nationally representative studies of diet, activity, and obesity among adults and children.

Subjects: Youth and adults from a range of countries around the world.

Measurements: The International Obesity Task Force guidelines for defining overweight and obesity are used for youth and the body mass index > or =25 kg/m(2) and 30 cutoffs are used, respectively, for adults.

Results: The nutrition transition patterns are examined from the time period termed the receding famine pattern to one dominated by nutrition-related noncommunicable diseases (NR-NCDs). The speed of dietary and activity pattern shifts is great, particularly in the developing world, resulting in major shifts in obesity on a worldwide basis. Data limitations force us to examine data on obesity trends in adults to provide a broader sense of changes in obesity over time, and then to examine the relatively fewer studies on youth. Specifically, this work provides a sense of change both in the United States, Europe, and the lower- and middle-income countries of Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America.

Conclusion: The paper shows that changes are occurring at great speed and at earlier stages of the economic and social development of each country. The burden of obesity is shifting towards the poor.

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