用电子显微镜观察厄尔氏L株细胞中牛痘病毒的发育。

S DALES, L SIMINOVITCH
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引用次数: 279

摘要

采用L株细胞和牛痘病毒的悬浮培养系统,研究了动物病毒与哺乳动物宿主细胞的关系。研究的三个主要方面涉及牛痘对宿主的吸附和渗透,病毒发育序列与感染性颗粒产生的关系,以及宿主细胞精细结构的变化。在高感染倍数的实验中发现,牛痘在加入培养液后不到1小时就被L细胞吞噬,没有任何明显的外限制膜损失。在感染后2小时,细胞质中出现被认为是推测病毒增殖的密集纤维物质区域。电镜研究与感染性颗粒形成之间的相关性表明,尽管未成熟的病毒形式在感染后4小时出现,但感染性颗粒在培养物感染后6小时产生,此时成熟的痘苗形式首次出现在薄切片细胞中。感染的扩散是逐渐的,直到最终,24小时后,病毒在细胞质中形成。在单层培养物中加入牛痘诱导L细胞融合并快速形成多核巨细胞。在悬浮和固定培养中,感染的细胞精心制作了正常L细胞中不存在的各种膜状结构。它们以管状片层和泡状结构的形式出现,或在退化的线粒体内以复杂的网状网络或多层膜的形式出现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The development of vaccinia virus in Earle's L strain cells as examined by electron microscopy.

A favorable system which is amenable to frequent and reproducible sampling, consisting of suspension cultures of strain L cells and vaccinia virus, was employed to study the animal virus-mammalian host cell relationship. The three principal aspects investigated concerned the adsorption and penetration of vaccinia into the host, the relationship between the sequence of virus development and the production of infectious particles, and the changes in the fine structure of the host cells. Experiments in which a very high multiplicity of infection was used revealed that vaccinia is phagocytized by L cells in less than 1 hour after being added to the culture, without any apparent loss of its outer limiting membranes. Regions of dense fibrous material, thought to be foci of presumptive virus multiplication, appear in the cytoplasm 2 hours after infection. A correlation between electron microscope studies and formation of infectious particles shows that although immature forms of the virus appear 4 hours after infection, infectious particles are produced 6 hours after infection of the culture, at the time when mature forms of vaccinia appear for the first time in thinly sectioned cells. Spread of the infection is gradual until eventually, after 24 hours, virus is being elaborated throughout the cytoplasm. Addition of vaccinia to monolayer cultures induced fusion of L cells and rapid formation of multinucleate giant forms. In both suspension and stationary cultures infected cells elaborate a variety of membranous structures not present in normal L cells. These take the form of tube-like lamellar and vesicular formations, or appear as complex reticular networks or as multi-laminar membranes within degenerating mitochondria.

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