Comparative analysis of population age-sex distribution from sample and complete enumeration: 1970 and 1980 census data.

"This paper will attempt to analyze the degree of distortion introduced by sampling, if any, on the age and sex distribution of the population based on the information taken [in the 1970 census] from the sample households. Specifically, the 1970 age and sex distribution of the Philippine population based on the 5-percent sample households will be compared with that obtained from the information supplied by all households, i.e., the actual age and sex distribution of the Philippines....Findings...suggest a failure of the estimation procedures used in past censuses to correct errors attributable to sampling. In particular, the type of sampling error highlighted in this paper is the distortion introduced by sampling in age-sex distribution."