An investigation of fibroblast mitochondria enzyme activity and respiration in response to metallic ions released from dental alloys.

Most cellular functions evaluated for biocompatibility are high-energy processes such as proliferation and therefore are not usually affected before a decrease in energy production is observed. Several studies have shown that metabolic functions are altered at much lower concentrations than several normally used biocompatibility tests such as viability. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to provide an in-depth evaluation of metallic ion effects on mitochondria function and thereby biocompatibility. These studies evaluated the mitochondrial function of human gingival fibroblasts exposed to the salt solutions of ions released from nickel-based dental alloys, particularly beryllium (Be(2+)), chromium (Cr(6+) and Cr(3+)), nickel (Ni(2+)), and molybdenum (Mo(6+)). Mitochondrial function was examined by NADH:CoQ reductase activity, succinate dehydrogenase activity, and oxygen consumption.