TNT污染土壤堆肥中TNT残留物的生物利用度

W G Palmer, J R Beaman, D M Walters, D A Creasia
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引用次数: 13

摘要

人们正在探索堆肥作为修复2,4,6-三硝基甲苯(TNT)污染土壤的一种手段。这一过程似乎修饰了TNT并使其与有机物结合。如果不知道三硝基甲苯残留物和堆肥颗粒之间的联系在生物系统中是否稳定,就无法预测与此类材料产生的粉尘有关的健康危害。为了解决这个问题,将单剂量的[14C]-TNT、添加了[14C]-TNT的土壤或添加了[14C]-TNT的土壤产生的堆肥通过气管内灌注给大鼠。尿液和组织中14C的出现被认为是堆肥颗粒中TNT残留物生物利用度的指示。用纯[14C]-TNT灌胃的大鼠,约35%的14C剂量在3 d内出现在尿液中,此后这些大鼠尿液中排泄的14C迅速减少,在治疗后4周检测不到。用土壤处理过的大鼠也得到了类似的结果。相比之下,在使用[14C]- tnt标记的堆肥处理后,在前3天内,尿液中只出现了总14C剂量的2.3%。堆肥处理大鼠的尿液中持续排出低水平的14C超过6个月,尿液中14C的总量与使用tnt处理的动物相当。组织中放射性标记物的测定表明,用标记堆肥处理的大鼠肾脏中14C有积累,而用[14C]-TNT或[14C]-TNT添加土壤处理的大鼠肾脏中14C无积累。这些结果表明,当TNT和堆肥中的颗粒物进入肺部时,它们之间的关系并不稳定。14C在肾脏中的积累表明,在堆肥处理的大鼠中存在一种独特的TNT残留物。用含TNT的土壤处理大鼠14C的排泄率和组织处置表明,土壤中的TNT在肺中是自由可用的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bioavailability of TNT residues in composts of TNT-contaminated soil.

Composting is being explored as a means to remediate 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) contaminated soils. This process appears to modify TNT and to bind it to organic matter. The health hazards associated with dusts generated from such materials cannot be predicted without knowing if the association between TNT residues and compost particulate is stable in biological systems. To address this question, single doses of [14C]-TNT, soil spiked with [14C]-TNT, or compost generated with [14C]-TNT-spiked soils were administered to rats by intratracheal instillation. The appearance of 14C in urine and tissues was taken as an indication of the bioavailability of TNT residues from compost particles. In rats instilled with neat [14C]-TNT, about 35% of the 14C dose appeared in urine within 3 d. The 14C excreted in urine by these rats decreased rapidly thereafter, and was undetectable by 4 wk after treatment. Similar results were obtained with soil-treated rats. In contrast, after treatment with [14C]-TNT-labeled compost, only 2.3% of the total 14C dose appeared in urine during the first 3 d. Low levels of 14C continued to be excreted in urine from compost-treated rats for more than 6 mo, and the total amount of 14C in urine was comparable to that in TNT-treated animals. Determination of the radiolabel in tissues showed that 14C accumulated in the kidneys of rats treated with labeled compost but not in rats treated with [14C]-TNT or [14C]-TNT-spiked soil. These results indicate that the association between TNT and particulate matter in compost is not stable when introduced into the lungs. Accumulation of 14C in kidneys suggests the presence of a unique TNT residue in compost-treated rats. The rate of excretion and tissue disposition of 14C in rats treated with TNT-spiked soil indicate that TNT in soil is freely available in the lungs.

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