代谢脑病。

Bailliere's clinical neurology Pub Date : 1996-10-01
R Chen, G B Young
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引用次数: 0

摘要

代谢性脑病在重症监护病房的病人中很常见。化脓性、缺氧缺血性、肝性和尿毒性脑病是最常见的。它们会产生从嗜睡或轻度意识模糊到昏迷的全局性神经功能障碍。代谢性脑病必须与其他疾病如脑部结构性病变、中枢神经系统感染或药物反应区分开来。神经系统症状通常出现在全身性疾病的早期阶段,可能是第一症状。脑病的严重程度通常与全身性疾病的严重程度相关。适当的检查通常包括药物和代谢筛查、血液和脑脊液培养以及神经成像研究。脑电图对脑病的严重程度分级是有用的。除了一些例外,如缺氧缺血性脑病,大多数代谢性脑病是可逆的,除非继发性并发症,如脑疝发生。治疗一般是针对潜在的全身性疾病和支持性措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Metabolic encephalopathies.

Metabolic encephalopathies are common among patients in the critical care unit. Septic, hypoxic-ischaemic, hepatic and uraemic encephalopathies are most frequently seen. They produce global neurological dysfunctions ranging from lethargy or mild confusion to coma. Metabolic encephalopathies must be distinguished from other conditions such as structural brain lesions, infections of the central nervous system or drug reactions. Neurological manifestations are often present in the early stages of systemic illness and may be the first symptom. The severity of encephalopathy generally correlates with that of the systemic illness. Appropriate investigations often include drug and metabolic screens, cultures of blood and cerebrospinal fluids and neuro-imaging studies. Electroencephalogram is useful to grade the severity of encephalopathy. With some exceptions such as hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, most metabolic encephalopathies are reversible unless secondary complications such as brain herniation occurred. Treatment is generally that of the underlying systemic illness and supportive measures.

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