与城市气溶胶相关的含氧、硝化和未取代多环芳烃的人体细胞诱变性

John L. Durant , William F. Busby Jr. , Arthur L. Lafleur , Bruce W. Penman , Charles L. Crespi
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引用次数: 673

摘要

多环芳香族化合物(PAC)是城市空气中普遍存在的对人体健康构成威胁的污染物。为了更好地评估与这类化合物相关的健康风险,在一项基于人类b淋巴母细胞样细胞的正向突变试验中,对城市气溶胶样本中已确定(55)或疑似存在(12)的67种PAC进行了致突变性测试。所使用的细胞系(指定为h1A1v2)组成性地表达细胞色素P4501A1,这是许多促生剂代谢所必需的。PAC检测包括39种多环芳烃(PAH), 19种含氧多环芳烃(氧-多环芳烃)和9种no2取代多环芳烃(硝基多环芳烃)。共有26种多环芳烃具有致突变性。将致突变性多环芳烃与苯并[a]芘(B[a]P)的最小致突变性浓度进行比较,发现二苯并[a, 1]芘(DB[al]P)、环戊[c,d]芘(CPP)、萘[2,1-a]芘、二苯并[a,e]芘(DB[ae]P)和1-甲基苯并[a]芘的致突变性分别为B[a]P的24±21倍、6.9±4.2倍、3.2±3.0倍、2.9±2.9倍和1.6±1.4倍,二苯并[a,k]荧光蒽与B[a]P和B[a]P的致突变性基本相等。其他19种致突变性多环芳烃的致突变性比B[a]P低约2 ~ 1800倍。在含氧多环芳烃中,只有苯烯酮、7h -苯并[d,e]蒽-7- 1、3-硝基- 6h -二苯并[b,d]吡喃-6- 1、环五并[c,d]芘-3(4H)- 1、6h -苯并[c,d]芘-6- 1 (BPK)和蒽醌具有诱变作用;然而,除了BPK,这些活性比B[a]P低50倍以上。BPK活性比B[a]P低约3倍。7种硝基多环芳烃具有诱变性,包括9-硝基蒽、1-硝基芘、2-硝基氟蒽、3-硝基氟蒽、1,3-二硝基芘、1,6-二硝基芘(1,6- dnp)和1,8-二硝基芘。1,6- dnp活性比B[a]P低约4倍;其他6种致突变性硝基多环芳烃的活性比B[a]P低20 ~ 380倍。这些结果在确定环境空气中最重要的诱变剂的相关性方面进行了讨论。根据报道的环境气溶胶中PAC的浓度,在某些气溶胶中,CCP、DB[ae]P、DB[al]P和BPK可能比B[a]P占更大的致突变性比例。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Human cell mutagenicity of oxygenated, nitrated and unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with urban aerosols

Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) are ubiquitous pollutants in urban air that may pose risks to human health. In order to better assess the health risks associated with this class of compounds, a total of 67 PAC that eitheir have been identified (55) or are suspected to be present (12) in urban aerosol samples were tested for mutagenicity in a forward mutation assay based on human B-lymphoblastoid cells. The cell line used (designated h1A1v2) constitutively expressed the cytochrome P4501A1, which is known to be necessary for the metabolism of many promutagens. The PAC tested included 39 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), 19 oxygen-containing PAH (oxy-PAH) and nine NO2-substituted PAH (nitro-PAH). A total of 26 PAH were mutagenic. In comparing the minimum mutagenic concentrations of the mutagenic PAH with that of benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) it was found that dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DB[al]P), cyclopental[c,d]pyrene (CPP), naphtho[2,1-a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,e]pyrene (DB[ae]P) and 1-methylbenzo[a]pyrene were 24 ± 21, 6.9 ± 4.2, 3.2 ± 3.0, 2.9 ± 2.9 and 1.6 ± 1.4 times, more mutagenic than B[a]P, and that dibenzo[a,k]fluoranthene and B[a]P, and B[a]P were approximately equally mutagenic. The 19 other mutagenic PAH were between ∼ 2 and ∼ 1800 times less mutagenic than B[a]P. Of the oxy-PAH tested only phenalenone, 7H-benz[d,e]anthracen-7-one, 3-nitro-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-6-one, cyclopenta[c,d]pyren-3(4H)-one, 6H-benzo[c,d]pyren-6-one (BPK) and anthanthrenequinone were mutagenic; however, with the exception of BPK, these were over 50 times less active than B[a]P. BPK was ∼ 3 times less active than B[a]P. Seven of the nitro-PAH were mutagenic including 9-nitroanthracene, 1-nitropyrene, 2-nitrofluoranthene, 3-nitrofluoranthene, 1,3-dinitropyrene, 1,6-dinitropyrene (1,6-DNP) and 1,8-dinitropyrene. 1,6-DNP was ∼ 4 times less active than B[a]P; the six other mutagenic nitro-PAH were between 20 and 380 times less active than B[a]P. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance for determining the most important mutagens in ambient air. Based on reported concentrations of PAC in ambient aerosols, it is possible that CCP, DB[ae]P, DB[al]P and BPK could account for a greater proportion of the mutagenicity than B[a]P in some aerosols.

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