-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂抗高血压药物损害老年人唤醒诱导的工作记忆调节

Kristy A. Nielson, Robert A. Jensen
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引用次数: 107

摘要

在实验动物中,训练后不久给予中等剂量的肾上腺儿茶酚胺、肾上腺素或去甲肾上腺素,可以增强后期的记忆保留能力。这些物质作为唤醒的结果内源性释放,被认为通过刺激向大脑发送神经信息的外周受体来调节记忆过程,从而改变记忆存储过程。本实验通过长期服用β受体拮抗剂来控制高血压的老年受试者来验证这一假说对人类记忆过程调节的适用性。研究人员通过让受试者在最初存储和回忆200字短文中突出显示的单词时握紧手测力器,产生了中等程度的肌肉紧张引起的觉醒。选取20名年轻正常人、22名血压正常的老年人、21名服用钙通道阻滞剂或血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂控制高血压的老年人和21名服用β受体阻滞剂降压药物的老年人作为研究对象。年轻受试者、正常老年人受试者和服用非-受体阻滞剂药物的受试者都表现出由于觉醒操纵而增强的长期识别表现。然而,那些长期服用受体拮抗剂药物的受试者并没有表现出记忆力的增强。这些发现为生理唤醒是记忆的重要调节因子的假设提供了支持,肾上腺儿茶酚胺系统可能介导了这种作用。此外,这项研究表明,服用β受体阻滞剂药物的老年人可能无法从唤醒的正常记忆调节效应中获益。最后,这些发现表明,类似的机制调节了人类的陈述性言语记忆和实验室动物的条件回避学习。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist antihypertensive medications impair arousal-induced modulation of working memory in Elderly Humans

It is well-established that administration of moderate doses of the adrenal catecholamines epinephrine or norepinephrine shortly after training results in the enhancement of later retention performance in laboratory animals. these substances, released endogenously as a result of arousal, are thought to modulate memory processes by stimulating peripheral receptors that send neural messages to the brain, thus altering the memory storage process. The applicability of this hypothesis to the modulation of memory processes in humans was tested in this experiment by using elderly subjects who were chronically taking beta-receptor antagonist medications to control hypertension. A moderate level of muscle-tension-induced arousal was produced by having subjects squeeze a hand dynamometer during the initial storage and recall of highlighted words in short 200-word paragraphs. Twenty young normal individuals, 22 normotensive elderly subjects, 21 elderly subjects taking either calcium-channel blockers or angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors to control hypertension, and 21 elderly subjects taking beta-blocker antihypertensive medications served as subjects. The young subjects, normal elderly subjects, and those taking non-beta-blocker medications all showed enhanced long-term recognition performance as a result of the arousal manipulation. However, those subjecs chronically taking beta-receptor-antagonist medications showed no enhancement of memory. These findings provide support for the hypothesis that physiological arousal is an important modulator of memory and that adrenal catecholamine, systems are likely to mediate this effect. Further, this study indicates that elderly individuals taking beta-blocker medications may be less able to benefit from the normal memory modulating effects of arousal. Finally, these findings suggest that similar mechanisms modulate both declarative verbal memory in humans and conditioned avoidance learning in laboratory animals.

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