The impact of age-related visual impairment on functional independence in the elderly.

Low vision is an extremely common problem in the elderly, which may have devastating consequences for functional independence and health status. It ranks only behind arthritis and heart disease as the etiology for impaired function in those over the age of 70. Macular degeneration is a leading cause of blindness and poor vision in the elderly. The central vision loss of this disorder can sometimes be postponed through laser therapy. Otherwise, the low visual state is best addressed with vision-enhancing devices, non-optical adaptive equipment, and patient education available through most occupational therapists. Referral to a low-vision rehabilitation program is sometimes needed for more comprehensive evaluation and intervention. Individual adaptation and supportive services often result in a significant improvement in function and quality of life for those elders with low vision.