基于莱昂哈德分类的慢性精神分裂症亚型描述与分布。

Psychiatric developments Pub Date : 1984-01-01
T A Ban, W Guy, W H Wilson
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在引入抗精神病药之前,由于缺乏有效的治疗,人们对慢性精神分裂症的复杂分类缺乏兴趣。随着对抗精神病药反应异质性的认识,以及长期服用抗精神病药的危害,对亚型分类的兴趣,如莱昂哈德的分类已经增长。给出了莱昂哈德格式的一种简化。首先要区分的是系统性或过程性精神分裂症和非系统性或偶发性精神分裂症。两组根据症状是否以认知、情感或运动特征为主进一步细分。在全身性精神分裂症的情况下,根据严重程度和特定症状特征进一步细分为三种主要类型。如果这种方案是一种自然的或基于生物学的分类,而不仅仅是精神分裂症的人为细分,人们可能会期望在独立选择的样本中发现相似比例的不同亚型。初步数据组成的亚型比例在莱昂哈德的原始组,人口报告的Astrup,和最近获得的国际样本。观察到样本之间存在一些显著的相关性,尽管方法上存在缺陷,但亚型在不同时间和国家之间分布的相似性为莱昂哈德的分类学提供了一些支持。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Description and distribution of the subtypes of chronic schizophrenia based on Leonhard's classification.

Prior to the introduction of neuroleptics a lack of interest in complex classifications of the chronic schizophrenias was due to the lack of effective treatment. With the recognition of neuroleptic response heterogeneity, and of the hazards of long-term neuroleptic administration, interest in subtype classification such as that of Leonhard has grown. A simplification of the Leonhard scheme is presented. The first distinction drawn is between systematic or process schizophrenia and nonsystematic or episodic schizophrenia. Both groups are further subdivided according to whether the symptomatology is dominated by cognitive, affective or motor features. In the case of the systemic schizophrenias, further subdivision of the 3 major types is made on the basis of both severity and specific symptom characteristics. If such a scheme were a natural or biologically-based classification, rather than merely an artificial subdivision of schizophrenia, one might expect that similar proportions of the different subtypes would be found in independently selected samples. Preliminary data composing subtype proportions in Leonhard's original group, a population reported by Astrup, and a recently obtained international sample are presented. Some significant correlations between the samples are observed, and despite methodological short comings, the similarities in the distribution of subtypes across time and across countries give some support to Leonhard's taxonomy.

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