精神病学中的脑电图:临床和研究应用。

Psychiatric developments Pub Date : 1984-01-01
G W Fenton
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引用次数: 0

摘要

脑电图在精神病学中的主要临床价值是作为一种无创的工具来调查器质性精神综合征和癫痫。CT扫描会使脑电图冗余的预测尚未实现。事实上,这两种仪器是互补的,脑电图是对功能的测量,而CT扫描是对大脑结构的反映。事实证明,这两种方法在痴呆症的研究中都是有用的,它们提供了有关该疾病的程度和进展的不同但互补的信息。使用实验室计算机进行脑电图定量分析的方法现在很容易获得。在功能性精神病中,脑电图背景活动和事件相关电位的显著变化已被清楚地证明。这些不适用于任何诊断条件。这意味着它们反映了精神病精神状态对个体认知过程和觉醒水平的影响所引起的变化。未来的挑战是建立电事件和潜在认知过程之间关系的模型。选择性注意和恐惧症中ERP的变化研究取得了一些进展。计算机化脑电图在药物作用的研究中有着明确的地位,它绕过血脑屏障,提供了直接进入大脑活动的途径。显然,这项工作可能对研究药物引起的神经递质系统变化的影响有用。功能性精神障碍患者整夜睡眠的脑电图研究并没有达到该领域工作者的早期期望。尽管如此,对失眠和催眠药物效果的研究仍具有重要的实际意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The electroencephalogram in psychiatry: clinical and research applications.

The main clinical value of the EEG in psychiatry is as a non-invasive tool for the investigation of organic mental syndromes and epilepsy. Predictions that CT scanning would make the EEG redundant have not been fulfilled. Indeed, the 2 instruments complement each other, the EEG being a measure of function and the CT scan a reflection of brain structure. Both are proving useful in the investigation of dementia, providing different but complementary information about the extent and progress of the disease. Quantitative methods of EEG analysis using laboratory computers are now readily available. Significant changes in both the EEG background activity and event related potentials have been clearly demonstrated in the functional psychoses. These are not specific for any diagnostic condition. This implies that they reflect changes caused by the impact of the psychotic mental state on the individual's cognitive processes and level of arousal. The challenge for the future is to develop models of the relationship between the electrical events and underlying cognitive processes. Some progress has been made concerning the ERP changes in selective attention and in phobic disorder. The computerized EEG has a clearly established place in the investigation of drug action, by-passing the blood brain barrier and providing direct access to brain activity. Clearly this work may prove useful in the study of the effects of drug induced change on neurotransmitter systems. The EEG study of all night sleep in patients with functional psychiatric disorders has not lived up to the early expectations of workers in the field. Nevertheless the studies of insomnia and hypnotic drug effects have had valuable practical implications.

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