健康和疾病中人类结肠运动的电生理学。

Clinics in gastroenterology Pub Date : 1986-10-01
J D Huizinga
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引用次数: 0

摘要

近年来,有许多研究测量了人类结肠肌层的电活动。体外研究增强了我们对结肠运动的肌源性控制的理解。体内研究表明,电活动模式与结肠内容物的运输之间存在关系。本章使用最近的体外和体内数据,描述了人类结肠根据刺激的性质和强度所能表现出的电和运动活动模式。人体组织的体外研究表明,纵向和圆形肌肉的电活动存在差异。他们还揭示了人类结肠环形肌电控制活动的独特性质。这一层的电振荡活动在1到60 cpm的频率范围内变化,振幅变化,并不是无所不在。此外,该活动对拉伸很敏感,并被兴奋性和抑制性物质显著改变。体内数据,特别是24小时的尖峰动作电位记录,揭示了与进食、睡眠和便秘相关的电活动模式。讨论了一些记录腔内电活动的技术的局限性。需要进一步的研究来准确地将体内活动与体外记录的细胞事件联系起来,并将这些活动与疾病中改变的活动模式联系起来。这表明,由于每小时结肠活动的差异很大,因此只有通过长期(24小时)的研究才能对患者的结肠运动进行相关的体内评估。实验性药物干预的时机是重要的,因为结肠运动经历了昼夜变化。最近对肠易激综合征(IBS)的电和运动活动概况的研究表明,没有典型的IBS肌源性活动。相反,电活动的模式可能与肠易激综合征的症状有关:腹泻和便秘。最近Hirschsprung病的电生理数据显示在神经节段缺乏内在抑制性神经支配。憩室病患者组织的体外研究显示异常的肌生成活动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Electrophysiology of human colon motility in health and disease.

Recent years have seen a number of studies measuring electrical activities of the human colon muscle layers. In vitro studies have enhanced our understanding of myogenic control of colon motility. In vivo studies have suggested a relationship between patterns of electrical activities and the transport of colon contents. This chapter describes the patterns of electrical and motor activity that the human colon can perform depending on the nature and intensity of the stimulus, using recent in vitro and in vivo data. In vitro studies with human tissue have shown differences between the electrical activity of the longitudinal and circular muscles. They have also revealed the unique nature of the electrical control activity of the circular muscle of human colon. The electrical oscillatory activity of this layer is variable in frequency from 1 to 60 cpm, variable in amplitude, and not omnipresent. Furthermore, the activity is sensitive to stretch and markedly altered by excitatory and inhibitory substances. In vivo data, especially spike action potential recordings for 24 h, have revealed patterns of electrical activity related to intake of meals, sleep, and also constipation. The limitations of some intraluminal techniques to record electrical activity are discussed. Further studies are needed to accurately relate in vivo activities to cellular events recorded in vitro, and to relate these to altered patterns of activity in disease. The suggestion is made that a relevant in vivo assessment of the colonic motility of a patient can only be achieved by long-lasting (24-h) studies, because of the large variability in the hour-to-hour colonic activity. Timing of experimental drug intervention is important since colonic motility undergoes diurnal changes. Recent studies into profiles of electrical and motor activity in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) suggest that there is not a typical IBS myogenic activity. Rather, patterns of electrical activity can be related to the symptoms of IBS: diarrhea and constipation. Recent electrophysiologic data on Hirschsprung's disease reveal absence of intrinsic inhibitory innervation in the aganglionic segment. In vitro studies on tissue from diverticular disease patients show abnormal myogenic activity.

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