Multibond-synergized cysteine aggregates crosslinked ionogels with mechanically adaptive properties for robust ionic skins

Conventional ionogels face irreconcilable trade-offs between mechanical robustness, toughness, and recoverability, limiting their utility in ionic skins. Inspired by collagen's hierarchical bonding, we develop L-cysteine-derived multibond-synergized cysteine aggregates (MSCA) with dual amide/disulfide linkages as dynamic crosslinkers in poly (2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexafluorobutyl acrylate-co-acrylamide) (P (HFBA-co-AAm)) ionogel. The resulting ionogels achieve breakthrough properties: 7.47 MPa tensile strength, 29.6 kJ/m² fracture energy, and 93 % cyclic recovery via thermal-activated bond reformation (80 °C/20 min). These materials concurrently demonstrate medical-grade strain sensing (GF = 7.82@0–5 %, <4.6 % signal drift over 1000 cycles), rapid shape-memory (35 s recovery at 80 °C), high shape fixity (95.24 %), recovery rates (95.34 %), and water resistance (1.8 % swelling after 20 h). Validated in continuous pulse monitoring and joint motion tracking, this design overcomes critical limitations in durable wearable sensing