Factors associated with professionalism among ophthalmology medical residents.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine factors related to the professionalism of ophthalmology residents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out involving 48 ophthalmology residents in Brazil. Professionalism was assessed using the professionalism mini-evaluation exercise, completed by both preceptors and residents, and the Pennsylvania State College of Medicine Professionalism Questionnaire, completed by the residents. The association between the professionalism score assigned by the preceptor through the professionalism mini-evaluation exercise and various sociodemographic and educational variables was assessed. The correlation between the residents' self-assessment across both instruments and the preceptor's assessments was measured using Spearman's Rho.

Results: All 48 residents were included, with equal representation across the 3 years of residency. The majority were female (58.3%) and between 25 and 29 years old (66.7%). The average professionalism score on the professionalism mini-evaluation exercise given by the preceptors was 3.0 (75%). A significant association was found between the year of training and the score in the doctor-patient relationship domain, with first-year residents showing lower scores (p=0.002). Male residents had higher scores in the "Interprofessional" domain (p=0.031). Graduates from private medical schools scored higher in both the "doctor-patient relationship" (p=0.015) and "reflective skills" (p=0.033) domains. Lower interest in professionalism was linked to lower scores in the "Interprofessional relationships" (p=0.033) and "time management" (p=0.003) domains. A strong correlation was observed between preceptor's professionalism mini-evaluation exercise scores and residents' self-assessed professionalism mini-evaluation exercise scores (r=0.917). However, the correlation between the self-assessed professionalism mini-evaluation exercise and the Pennsylvania questionnaire scores was weak (r=0.226).

Conclusion: Professionalism scores among ophthalmology residents were associated with year of training, gender, type of undergraduate education, and level of interest in the topic.