Dynamic Electroluminescence Modulation in Perovskites under AC Electric Field: A Review

Perovskite light-emitting devices, owing to their high efficiency, solution processability, and tunable emission spectra, have emerged as a transformative platform in next-generation display technologies. While most existing perovskite light-emitting devices primarily employ direct current (DC) driving, alternating current (AC)-driven perovskite devices have garnered increasing research attention. Studies demonstrate AC driving has remarkable advantages in reducing operational voltage, enhancing luminous efficiency, improving device stability, and suppressing perovskite ion migration. Its low-voltage/low-frequency compatibility is expected to seamless integration with household power systems and wearable electronics. This review analyzes the carrier transport properties of perovskite materials under AC electric fields. Accordingly, the operating principles and processes of AC-driven perovskite light-emitting devices with three different structures are demonstrated. Moreover, AC driving strategies in perovskite light-emitting diodes, light-emitting transistors, and flexible displays are reviewed, with a focus on their performance implications. With this review, the aim is to deepen the understanding of the critical role of AC driving of perovskite light-emitting devices in overcoming the inherent limitations of DC operation. It is expected to outline the future trajectory of smart displays and flexible electronics based on AC-driven perovskite light-emitting devices to accelerate their transition from laboratory prototypes to commercial applications.