关于火焰测试的误解和见解

IF 2.9 3区教育学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Chemical Education Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1021/acs.jchemed.5c00142

Michael A. Duncan*,

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引用次数: 0

摘要

火焰试验是化学中使用的最简单的演示之一，在火焰中插入金属丝上的金属盐水溶液会产生彩色的辐射。不幸的是，许多人对产生有色辐射的现象知之甚少，而且在教科书和发表的文章中经常描述错误。在目前的评论中，火焰测试的细节是在公认的原子光谱学的背景下讨论的。结果表明，辐射并非来自溶液中存在的离子，而通常来自相应的中性原子的激发态。讨论了离子脱溶和气相电子转移等机理的细节。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Misconceptions and Insights about Flame Tests

Flame tests, in which aqueous metal salt solutions on a wire inserted into a flame produce colored emissions, are one of the simplest demonstrations used in chemistry. Unfortunately, the phenomena giving rise to the colored emissions is poorly understood by many and often described incorrectly in textbooks and published articles. In the present commentary, the details of flame tests are discussed in the context of well-established atomic spectroscopy. It is shown that the emission does not come from the ions which are present in solution but rather usually comes from the excited states of the corresponding neutral atoms. Details of the mechanism, involving ion desolvation and gas-phase electron transfer, are discussed.

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来源期刊

Journal of Chemical Education 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

50.00%

发文量

465

审稿时长

6.5 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Chemical Education is the official journal of the Division of Chemical Education of the American Chemical Society, co-published with the American Chemical Society Publications Division. Launched in 1924, the Journal of Chemical Education is the world’s premier chemical education journal. The Journal publishes peer-reviewed articles and related information as a resource to those in the field of chemical education and to those institutions that serve them. JCE typically addresses chemical content, activities, laboratory experiments, instructional methods, and pedagogies. The Journal serves as a means of communication among people across the world who are interested in the teaching and learning of chemistry. This includes instructors of chemistry from middle school through graduate school, professional staff who support these teaching activities, as well as some scientists in commerce, industry, and government.